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Acronyms
Table 31 lists the acronyms that are used in this document.
Document Conventions
Units of Measure
Table 32 lists the units of measures.
Numeric Conventions
Numeric Naming
Hexadecimal numbers are represented with all letters in uppercase with an appended lowercase ‘h’ (for example, ‘14h’ or ‘3Ah’).
Hexadecimal numbers may also be represented by a ‘0x’ prefix, the C coding convention. Binary numbers have an appended
lowercase ‘b’ (for example, 01010100b’ or ‘01000011b’). Numbers not indicated by an ‘h’ or ‘b’ are decimals.
Table 31. Acronyms Used in this Datasheet
Acronym Description Acronym Description
AC alternating current POR power on reset
API application programming interface PSoC
®
Programmable System-on-Chip
CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor PWM pulse width modulator
CRC cyclic redundancy check SSOP shrink small-outline package
DC direct current TQFP thin quad flat pack
EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only
memory
UART universal asynchronous reciever / transmitter
GPIO general purpose I/O USB universal serial bus
I/O input/output WDT watchdog timer
MSB most-significant bit XRES external reset
PCB printed circuit board
Table 32. Units of Measure
Symbol Unit of Measure Symbol Unit of Measure
°C degree Celsius mm millimeter
Hz hertz ms millisecond
kHz kilohertz nA nanoampere
k
kilohm ns nanosecond
MHz megahertz ohm
µA microampere % percent
µs microsecond pF picofarad
V microvolt V volt
Vrms microvolts root-mean-square W watt
mA milliampere
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Glossary
active high 1. A logic signal having its asserted state as the logic 1 state.
2. A logic signal having the logic 1 state as the higher voltage of the two states.
analog blocks The basic programmable opamp circuits. These are SC (switched capacitor) and CT (continuous time) blocks.
These blocks can be interconnected to provide ADCs, DACs, multi-pole filters, gain stages, and much more.
analog-to-digital
(ADC)
A device that changes an analog signal to a digital signal of corresponding magnitude. Typically, an ADC converts
a voltage to a digital number. The digital-to-analog (DAC) converter performs the reverse operation.
Application
programming
interface (API)
A series of software routines that comprise an interface between a computer application and lower level services
and functions (for example, user modules and libraries). APIs serve as building blocks for programmers that
create software applications.
asynchronous A signal whose data is acknowledged or acted upon immediately, irrespective of any clock signal.
bandgap
reference
A stable voltage reference design that matches the positive temperature coefficient of VT with the negative
temperature coefficient of VBE, to produce a zero temperature coefficient (ideally) reference.
bandwidth 1. The frequency range of a message or information processing system measured in hertz.
2. The width of the spectral region over which an amplifier (or absorber) has substantial gain (or loss); it is
sometimes represented more specifically as, for example, full width at half maximum.
bias 1. A systematic deviation of a value from a reference value.
2. The amount by which the average of a set of values departs from a reference value.
3. The electrical, mechanical, magnetic, or other force (field) applied to a device to establish a reference level to
operate the device.
block 1. A functional unit that performs a single function, such as an oscillator.
2. A functional unit that may be configured to perform one of several functions, such as a digital PSoC block or
an analog PSoC block.
buffer 1. A storage area for data that is used to compensate for a speed difference, when transferring data from one
device to another. Usually refers to an area reserved for IO operations, into which data is read, or from which
data is written.
2. A portion of memory set aside to store data, often before it is sent to an external device or as it is received
from an external device.
3. An amplifier used to lower the output impedance of a system.
bus 1. A named connection of nets. Bundling nets together in a bus makes it easier to route nets with similar routing
patterns.
2. A set of signals performing a common function and carrying similar data. Typically represented using vector
notation; for example, address[7:0].
3. One or more conductors that serve as a common connection for a group of related devices.
clock The device that generates a periodic signal with a fixed frequency and duty cycle. A clock is sometimes used to
synchronize different logic blocks.
comparator An electronic circuit that produces an output voltage or current whenever two input levels simultaneously satisfy
predetermined amplitude requirements.
compiler A program that translates a high level language, such as C, into machine language.
configuration
space
In PSoC devices, the register space accessed when the XIO bit, in the CPU_F register, is set to ‘1’.
crystal oscillator An oscillator in which the frequency is controlled by a piezoelectric crystal. Typically a piezoelectric crystal is less
sensitive to ambient temperature than other circuit components.
cyclic redundancy
check (CRC)
A calculation used to detect errors in data communications, typically performed using a linear feedback shift
register. Similar calculations may be used for a variety of other purposes such as data compression.
data bus A bi-directional set of signals used by a computer to convey information from a memory location to the central
processing unit and vice versa. More generally, a set of signals used to convey data between digital functions.
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debugger A hardware and software system that allows you to analyze the operation of the system under development. A
debugger usually allows the developer to step through the firmware one step at a time, set break points, and
analyze memory.
dead band A period of time when neither of two or more signals are in their active state or in transition.
digital blocks The 8-bit logic blocks that can act as a counter, timer, serial receiver, serial transmitter, CRC generator,
pseudo-random number generator, or SPI.
digital-to-analog
(DAC)
A device that changes a digital signal to an analog signal of corresponding magnitude. The analog-to-digital (ADC)
converter performs the reverse operation.
duty cycle The relationship of a clock period high time to its low time, expressed as a percent.
emulator Duplicates (provides an emulation of) the functions of one system with a different system, so that the second
system appears to behave like the first system.
External Reset
(XRES)
An active high signal that is driven into the PSoC device. It causes all operation of the CPU and blocks to stop
and return to a pre-defined state.
Flash An electrically programmable and erasable, non-volatile technology that provides you the programmability and
data storage of EPROMs, plus in-system erasability. Non-volatile means that the data is retained when power is
OFF.
Flash block The smallest amount of Flash ROM space that may be programmed at one time and the smallest amount of Flash
space that may be protected. A Flash block holds 64 bytes.
frequency The number of cycles or events per unit of time, for a periodic function.
gain The ratio of output current, voltage, or power to input current, voltage, or power, respectively. Gain is usually
expressed in dB.
I
2
C A two-wire serial computer bus by Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors). I2C is an Inter-Integrated
Circuit. It is used to connect low-speed peripherals in an embedded system. The original system was created in
the early 1980s as a battery control interface, but it was later used as a simple internal bus system for building
control electronics. I2C uses only two bi-directional pins, clock and data, both running at +5 V and pulled high
with resistors. The bus operates at 100 kbits/second in standard mode and 400 kbits/second in fast mode.
ICE The in-circuit emulator that allows you to test the project in a hardware environment, while viewing the debugging
device activity in a software environment (PSoC Designer).
input/output (I/O) A device that introduces data into or extracts data from a system.
interrupt A suspension of a process, such as the execution of a computer program, caused by an event external to that
process, and performed in such a way that the process can be resumed.
interrupt service
routine (ISR)
A block of code that normal code execution is diverted to when the M8C receives a hardware interrupt. Many
interrupt sources may each exist with its own priority and individual ISR code block. Each ISR code block ends
with the RETI instruction, returning the device to the point in the program where it left normal program execution.
jitter 1. A misplacement of the timing of a transition from its ideal position. A typical form of corruption that occurs on
serial data streams.
2. The abrupt and unwanted variations of one or more signal characteristics, such as the interval between
successive pulses, the amplitude of successive cycles, or the frequency or phase of successive cycles.
low-voltage
detect (LVD)
A circuit that senses Vdd and provides an interrupt to the system when Vdd falls below a selected threshold.
M8C An 8-bit Harvard-architecture microprocessor. The microprocessor coordinates all activity inside a PSoC by
interfacing to the Flash, SRAM, and register space.
master device A device that controls the timing for data exchanges between two devices. Or when devices are cascaded in
width, the master device is the one that controls the timing for data exchanges between the cascaded devices
and an external interface. The controlled device is called the slave device.
Glossary (continued)

CY8C9520A-24PVXI

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