MAX66000K-000AA+ Datasheet MAX66000K-000AA+ | P4-P6

3 bytes between SOF and EOF is called a frame

(Figure 6). The last two data characters of an ISO/IEC

14443 Type B frame are an inverted 16-bit CRC of the

preceding data characters generated according to the

CRC-16-CCITT polynomial. This CRC is transmitted with

the LSB first. For more details on the CRC-16-CCITT,

refer to ISO/IEC 14443-3, Annex B. With network func-

tion commands, the command code, parameters, and

response are embedded between SOF and CRC. With

memory function commands, command code, and

parameters are placed into the information field of

I-blocks (see the

Block Types

section), which in turn

are embedded between SOF and EOF.

For transmission, the frame information is modulated on a

carrier frequency, which is 13.56MHz for ISO/IEC 14443.

The subsequent paragraphs are a concise description

of the required modulation and coding. For full details

including SOF/EOF and subcarrier on/off timing, refer to

ISO/IEC 14443-3, Sections 7.1 and 7.2.

The path from master to slave uses amplitude modula-

tion with a modulation index between 8% and 14%

(Figure 7). In this direction, a START bit and logic 0 bit

correspond to a modulated carrier; STOP bit and logic

1 bit correspond to the unmodulated carrier. EOF ends

with an unmodulated carrier instead of STOP bits.

MAX66000

ISO/IEC 14443 Type B-Compliant

64-Bit UID

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

START

BIT 1 BIT 2 BIT 3 BIT 4 BIT 5 BIT 6 BIT 7 BIT 9

STOP/IDLE

BIT 8

Figure 5. ISO/IEC 14443 SOF/EOF Character Format

SOF ONE OR MORE DATA CHARACTERS

CRC (LSB) CRC (MSB) EOF

TIME

Figure 6. ISO/IEC 14443 Frame Format

CARRIER AMPLITUDE

11 1100

MODULATION INDEX M = = 0.08 TO 0.14

A - B

A + B

Figure 7. Downlink: 8% to 14% Amplitude Modulation

The path from slave to master uses an 847.5kHz sub-

carrier, which is modulated using binary phase-shift

key (BPSK) modulation. Depending on the data rate,

the transmission of a single bit takes eight, four, two, or

one subcarrier cycles. The slave generates the subcar-

rier only when needed, i.e., starting shortly before an

SOF and ending shortly after an EOF. The standard

defines the phase of the subcarrier before the SOF as

0° reference, which corresponds to logic 1. The phase

of the subcarrier changes by 180° whenever there is a

binary transition in the character to be transmitted

(Figure 8). The first phase transition represents a

change from logic 1 to logic 0, which coincides with the

beginning of the SOF. The BPSK modulated subcarrier

is used to modulate the load on the device’s antenna

(Figure 9).

MAX66000

ISO/IEC 14443 Type B-Compliant

64-Bit UID

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

DATA TO BE TRANSMITTED

INDICATES 180° PHASE CHANGE (POLARITY REVERSAL)

110

847kHz SUBCARRIER

BPSK MODULATION

TRANSMISSION OF A SINGLE BIT

POWER-UP DEFAULT = 8 CYCLES OF 847kHz (9.44μs)

CAN BE REDUCED TO FOUR, TWO, OR ONE SUBCARRIER CYCLES FOR COMMUNICATION IN THE ACTIVE STATE.

Figure 8. Uplink: BPSK Modulation of the 847.5kHz Subcarrier

TRANSMISSION OF A SINGLE BIT

SHOWN AS EIGHT CYCLES OF THE 847kHz SUBCARRIER

DATA*

*DEPENDING ON THE INITIAL PHASE, THE DATA POLARITY MAY BE INVERSE.

10 1

Figure 9. Uplink: Load Modulation of the RF Field by the BPSK Modulated Subcarrier

MAX66000

ISO/IEC 14443 Block

Transmission Protocol

Before the master can send a data packet to access the

memory, the MAX66000 must be in the ACTIVE state.

The protocol to put the MAX66000 into the ACTIVE state

is explained in the

Network Function Commands

sec-

tion. While in the ACTIVE state, the communication

between the master and the MAX66000 follows the

block transmission protocol as specified in Section 7 of

ISO/IEC 14443-4. Such a block (Figure 10) consists of

three parts: the prologue field, the information field, and

the epilogue field. The prologue can contain up to 3

bytes, called the protocol control byte (PCB), card iden-

tifier (CID), and the node address (NAD). Epilogue is

another name for the 16-bit CRC that precedes the EOF.

The information field is the general location for data.

Block Types

The standard defines three types of blocks: I-block,

R-block, and S-block. Figures 11, 12, and 13 show the

applicable PCB bit assignments.

The I-block is the main tool to access the memory. For

I-blocks, bit 2 must be 1 and bit 6 to bit 8 must be 0. Bit

5, marked as CH, is used to indicate chaining, a func-

tion that is not used or supported by the MAX66000.

Therefore, bit 5 must always be 0. Bit 4, marked as CID,

is used by the master to indicate whether the prologue

field contains a CID byte. The MAX66000 processes

blocks with and without CID as defined in the standard.

The master must include the CID byte if bit 4 is 1. Bit 3,

marked as NAD, is used to indicate whether the pro-

logue field contains an NAD byte, a feature not support-

ed by the MAX66000. Therefore, bit 3 must always be

0. Bit 1, marked as #, is the block number field. The

block number is used to ensure that the response

received relates to the request sent. This function is

important in the error handling, which is illustrated in

Annex B of ISO/IEC 14443-4. The rules that govern the

numbering and handling of blocks are found in

Sections 7.5.3 and 7.5.4 of ISO/IEC 14443-4. The

MAX66000 ignores I-blocks that have bit 5 or bit 3 set

to 1.

For R-blocks, the states of bit 2, bit 3, bit 6, bit 7, and

bit 8 are fixed and must be transmitted as shown in

Figure 12. The function of bit 1 (block number) and bit 4

(CID indicator) is the same as for I-blocks. Bit 5,

marked as AN, is used to acknowledge (if transmitted

as 0) or not to acknowledge (if transmitted as 1) the

reception of the last frame for recovery from certain

error conditions. The MAX66000 fully supports the func-

tion of the R-block as defined in the standard. For

details and the applicable rules, refer to Sections 7.5.3

and 7.5.4 and Annex B of ISO/IEC 14443-4.

ISO/IEC 14443 Type B-Compliant

64-Bit UID

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

PROLOGUE FIELD INFORMATION FIELD EPILOGUE FIELD

PCB CID NAD (DATA)

CRC

(LSB)

CRC

(MSB)

1 BYTE 1 BYTE 1 BYTE 0 OR MORE BYTES 1 BYTE 1 BYTE

Figure 10. ISO/IEC 14443-4 Type B Block Format

BIT 8 BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1

MSb LSb

0 0 0 CH CID NAD 1 #

Figure 11. Bit Assignments for I-Block PCB

BIT 8 BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1

MSb LSb

1 0 1 AN CID 0 1 #

Figure 12. Bit Assignments for R-Block PCB

P1-P3 P4-P6 P7-P9 P10-P12 P13-P15 P16-P18 P19-P21

MAX66000K-000AA+

Mfr. #:

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Manufacturer:

Maxim Integrated

Description:

RFID Transponders RFID 14443 ROM ID LF TSTD

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MAX66000K-000AA+