Detailed Description
The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W
chargers use voltage, current, and thermal-control
loops to charge a single Li+ cell and protect the battery
(Figure 1). When a Li+ battery with a cell voltage below
2.5V is inserted, the MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/
MAX8845W chargers enter a prequalification stage
where it precharges that cell with 10% of the user-pro-
grammed fast-charge current (Figure 2). The CHG indi-
cator is driven low to indicate entry into the prequalifi-
cation state. When the battery voltage exceeds 2.5V,
the charger soft-starts as it enters the fast-charge
stage. The fast-charge current level is programmed
through a resistor from SETI to GND. As the battery
voltage approaches 4.2V, the charging current is
reduced. If the battery current drops to less than the
MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W
28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery
Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
OUTPUT DRIVER,
CURRENT SENSE,
AND LOGIC
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
VL
REGULATOR
REF
REFOK
V
IN
OVLO
VL
UVLO
V
REF
V
REF
LOGIC
BATT
DETBAT
ABI
ABO (MAX8845Z ONLY)
ABO (MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W)
EN
POK
IN
BATT
IN
BATT
POK
200k
GND
EP
+115°C
4.2V Li+
(4.35V FOR
MAX8845W ONLY)
V
I/O
200k
CHG
MAX8845Z
MAX8845Y
MAX8845X
MAX8845W
V
L
V
REF
I
MINREF
DETBAT
LINEAR
REGULATOR
WITH OVP
SETI
MIN
SAFEOUT
Figure 1. MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W Functional Diagram
MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W
top-off current threshold set by R
MIN
, the charger
enters top-off mode and the CHG indicator goes high
impedance signaling that the battery is fully charged.
Overvoltage-Protected Output (SAFEOUT)
SAFEOUT is a linear regulator that provides an output
voltage of 4.7V (MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845W) or
4.85V (MAX8845X) and can be used to supply low volt-
age- rated USB systems. The SAFEOUT linear regulator
turns on when V
IN
4.25V regardless of EN and is dis-
abled when V
IN
is greater than the overvoltage thresh-
old (7.5V typ) (8.0V typ for MAX8845X only).
Battery-Pack Detection Input (DETBAT)
DETBAT is a battery-pack ID resistor detector that
enables the battery charger if pulled low through a
resistor that is less than 51k. If DETBAT is left uncon-
nected or the pulldown resistor is 51k or greater the
battery charger is disabled. If DETBAT is not used con-
nect DETBAT to GND for normal operation.
POK
Output
The open-drain POK output asserts low when 2.35V
V
IN
7V (7.5V for MAX8845X only) and (V
IN
- V
BATT
)
40mV (typ V
IN
rising). POK is high impedance during
shutdown. When interfacing with a microprocessor
logic input, a pullup resistor to the microprocessor’s I/O
voltage may be required.
Autobooting Assistant
The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W con-
tain autobooting assistant circuits that generate an
enable signal for system booting (ABO—MAX8845Z,
ABO—MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W). For the
MAX8845Z, the booting assistant functions as an internal
OR gate (Figure 1). The first input is dependant on the
input voltage (V
IN
) and DETBAT while the second input
is an external signal applied to ABI. The first input (POK)
is driven high once DETBAT is pulled low through a
resistor less than 51k, 2.35V V
IN
7V (7.5V for only
MAX8845X), and (V
IN
- V
BATT
) 40mV (typ V
IN
rising).
The second input signal (ABI) is driven by an external
source (Table 1). ABI enables an autoboot signal when
a battery is connected at BATT and is independent of
POK. If POK is pulled low, the booting assistant always
drives ABO high regardless of ABI. ABI is pulled to GND
through an internal 200k resistor. If ABI is supplied
from an outside exposed pin, a RC filter (Figure 4) is
required for ESD protection and noise filtering. If ABI is
supplied by a system’s internal GPIO, or logic, the RC
filter is not required. For the MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/
MAX8845W, the output ABO is only dependent on the
state of ABI (Table 1).
CHG
Charge Indicator Output
CHG is an open-drain output that indicates charge sta-
tus. Table 2 describes the state of CHG during different
stages of operation. CHG is suitable for driving a charge
indication LED. If the MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/
28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery
Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
V
BATT
< 2.5V
PRECHARGE
10% OF IFAST-CHARGE
CHG = LOW
FAST-CHARGE
CONSTANT-CURRENT CHARGE
100% OF I
FAST-CHARGE
CHG = LOW
TOP-OFF
4.2 VOLTAGE REGULATION
CHG = HIGH-Z
(MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X)
4.35 VOLTAGE REGULATION (MAX8845W)
(V
IN
- V
BATT
) < 30mV
V
BATT
< 2.4V
V
BATT
2.5V
V
IN
< OVP, AND
(V
IN
- V
BATT
) 40mV, AND
IC ENABLED
SHUTDOWN
CHARGER = DISABLED
CHG = HIGH-Z
V
IN
> OVP, OR
(V
IN
- V
BATT
) < 30mV, OR
IC DISABLED
ASYNCHRONOUS
FROM ANYWHERE
V
IN
> OVP, OR
(V
IN
- V
BATT
) < 30mV, OR
THERMAL SHUTDOWN, OR
IC DISABLED
I
BATT
> 295V/R
MIN
(k) - 24mA
I
BATT
I
MIN
FOR 6.2ms (typ) OR LONGER
CHARGING CURRENT REDUCTION
CHARGING CURRENT IS REDUCED
AS NECESSARY
DIE TEMPERATURE > +115°C
ANY CHARGING STATE
RETURN TO
CHARGING STATE
DIE TEMPERATURE +115°C
Figure 2. Charge-State Diagram
MAX8845W are used in conjunction with a microproces-
sor, a pullup resistor to the logic I/O voltage allows CHG
to indicate charge status to the microprocessor instead
of driving an LED.
Thermal Regulation
The thermal-regulation loop limits the MAX8845Z/
MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W die temperature to
+115°C by reducing the charge current as necessary.
This feature not only protects the IC from overheating,
but also allows a higher charge current without risking
damage to the system.
Charger Enable Input
The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W
contain active-low logic input (EN) used to enable the
chargers. Drive EN low, leave unconnected, or connect
to GND to enable the charge-control circuitry. Drive EN
high to disable the charger-control circuitry. EN has an
internal 200k pulldown resistor.
Soft-Start
The soft-start algorithm activates when entering fast-
charge mode. When the prequalification state is com-
plete (V
BATT
exceeds +2.5V), the charging current
ramps up in 250µs to the full charging current. This
reduces the inrush current demand on the input supply.
Applications Information
Fast Charge-Current Setting
The maximum charging current is programmed by an
external resistor connected from SETI to GND (R
SETI
).
Use the following equation to determine the fast-charge
current (I
FAST_CHARGE
):
where I
FAST_CHARGE
is in amps and R
SETI
is in ohms.
R
SETI
must always be 1.4k or higher due to the con-
tinuous charging current limit of 1A
RMS
.
Top-Off Current Threshold Setting
The top-off current threshold is programmed by an
external resistor connected from MIN to GND (R
MIN
).
Use the following equation to determine the top-off cur-
rent (I
MIN
):
I
MIN
(falling) = 148V/R
MIN
(k) + 22mA
I
MIN
(rising) = 295V/R
MIN
(k) - 24mA
where I
MIN
is in mA and R
MIN
is in k. Use R
MIN
2.2k.
I
V
R
FAST CHARGE
SETI
_
=
1400
MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y/MAX8845X/MAX8845W
28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery
Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
ABI BATT POK CHARGER STATE
ABO
(MAX8845Z)
ABO
(MAX8845Y/
MAX8845X/MAX8845W)
Low Present High-Z Shutdown Low High-Z
High Present High-Z Shutdown High Low
Low Not present Low CC/CV mode High High-Z
Low Present Low Fast-charge/top-off High High-Z
High Present Low Fast-charge/top-off High Low
Table 1. Autobooting Output States
EN V
IN
V
BATT
I
BATT
CHG STATE
High X X 0 High-Z Disabled
> 7.5V X
Low
X> V
IN
- 30mV
0 High-Z Shutdown
Low 4.25V (4.4V for MAX8845W only) V
IN
7.5V < 2.4V 10% of I
FAST-CHARGE
* Low Precharge
Low 4.25V (4.4V for MAX8845W only) V
IN
7.5V 2.5V 100% of I
FAST-CHARGE
* Low Fast-charge
Low 4.25V (4.4V for MAX8845W only) V
IN
7.5V
4.2V (4.35V for
MAX8845W only)
< I
MIN
High-Z Top-off
Table 2. CHG States
X = Don’t care.
*
I
FAST-CHARGE
is reduced as necessary to prevent the die temperature from exceeding +115°C.
Note: Present indicates that V
BATT
2V and Not Present indicates that the battery is not connected.

MAX8845XETC+

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
Maxim Integrated
Description:
Battery Management 28V Linear Li+ Battery Charger
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
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