AD812
REV. B
–12–
General Considerations
The AD812 is a wide bandwidth, dual video amplifier which
offers a high level of performance on less than 5.5 mA per am-
plifier of quiescent supply current. It is designed to offer out-
standing performance at closed-loop inverting or noninverting
gains of one or greater.
Built on a low cost, complementary bipolar process, and achiev-
ing bandwidth in excess of 100 MHz, differential gain and phase
errors of better than 0.1% and 0.1° (into 150 ), and output
current greater than 40 mA, the AD812 is an exceptionally
efficient video amplifier. Using a conventional current feedback
architecture, its high performance is achieved through careful
attention to design details.
Choice of Feedback and Gain Resistors
Because it is a current feedback amplifier, the closed-loop band-
width of the AD812 depends on the value of the feedback resis-
tor. The bandwidth also depends on the supply voltage. In
addition, attenuation of the open-loop response when driving
load resistors less than about 250 will affect the bandwidth.
Table I contains data showing typical bandwidths at different
supply voltages for some useful closed-loop gains when driving a
load of 150 . (Bandwidths will be about 20% greater for load
resistances above a few hundred ohms.)
The choice of feedback resistor is not critical unless it is impor-
tant to maintain the widest, flattest frequency response. The
resistors recommended in the table are those (metal film values)
that will result in the widest 0.1 dB bandwidth. In those appli-
cations where the best control of the bandwidth is desired, 1%
metal film resistors are adequate. Wider bandwidths can be
attained by reducing the magnitude of the feedback resistor (at
the expense of increased peaking), while peaking can be reduced
by increasing the magnitude of the feedback resistor.
Table I. –3 dB Bandwidth vs. Closed-Loop Gain and
Feedback Resistor (R
L
= 150 )
V
S
(V) Gain R
F
() BW (MHz)
±15 +1 866 145
+2 715 100
+10 357 65
–1 715 100
–10 357 60
±5 +1 750 90
+2 681 65
+10 154 45
–1 715 70
–10 154 45
+5 +1 750 60
+2 681 50
+10 154 35
–1 715 50
–10 154 35
+3 +1 750 50
+2 681 40
+10 154 30
–1 715 40
–10 154 25
To estimate the –3 dB bandwidth for closed-loop gains or feed-
back resistors not listed in the above table, the following two
pole model for the AD812 many be used:
A
G
S
RGrC
f
S R Gr C
CL
FINT
FINT
=
+
()
++
()
+
2
2
2
1
π
where: A
CL
= closed-loop gain
G = 1 + R
F
/R
G
r
IN
= input resistance of the inverting input
C
T
= “transcapacitance,” which forms the open-loop
dominant pole with the tranresistance
R
F
= feedback resistor
R
G
= gain resistor
f
2
= frequency of second (nondominant) pole
S = 2
π
j
f
Appropriate values for the model parameters at different supply
voltages are listed in Table II. Reasonable approximations for
these values at supply voltages not found in the table can be
obtained by a simple linear interpolation between those tabu-
lated values which “bracket” the desired condition.
Table II. Two-Pole Model Parameters at Various
Supply Voltages
V
S
r
IN
()C
T
(pF) f
2
(MHz)
±15 85 2.5 150
±5 90 3.8 125
+5 105 4.8 105
+3 115 5.5 95
As discussed in many amplifier and electronics textbooks (such
as Roberge’s Operational Amplifiers: Theory and Practice), the
–3 dB bandwidth for the 2-pole model can be obtained as:
f
3
= f
N
[12d
2
+ (24d
2
+ 4d
4
)
1/2
]
1/2
where:
f
f
RGrC
N
FINT
=
+
()
2
12/
and:
d = (1/2) [f
2
(R
F
+ Gr
IN
) C
T
]
1/2
This model will predict –3 dB bandwidth within about 10 to
15% of the correct value when the load is 150 . However, it is
not an accurate enough to predict either the phase behavior or
the frequency response peaking of the AD812.
Printed Circuit Board Layout Guidelines
As with all wideband amplifiers, printed circuit board parasitics
can affect the overall closed-loop performance. Most important
for controlling the 0.1 dB bandwidth are stray capacitances at
the output and inverting input nodes. Increasing the space between
signal lines and ground plane will minimize the coupling. Also,
signal lines connecting the feedback and gain resistors should be
kept short enough that their associated inductance does not
cause high frequency gain errors.
AD812
–13–
REV. B
Power Supply Bypassing
Adequate power supply bypassing can be very important when
optimizing the performance of high speed circuits. Inductance
in the supply leads can (for example) contribute to resonant
circuits that produce peaking in the amplifier’s response. In
addition, if large current transients must be delivered to a load,
then large (greater than 1 µF) bypass capacitors are required to
produce the best settling time and lowest distortion. Although
0.1 µF capacitors may be adequate in some applications, more
elaborate bypassing is required in other cases.
When multiple bypass capacitors are connected in parallel, it is
important to be sure that the capacitors themselves do not form
resonant circuits. A small (say 5 ) resistor may be required in
series with one of the capacitors to minimize this possibility.
As discussed below, power supply bypassing can have a signifi-
cant impact on crosstalk performance.
Achieving Low Crosstalk
Measured crosstalk from the output of amplifier 2 to the input
of amplifier 1 of the AD812 is shown in Figure 40. The crosstalk
from the output of amplifier 1 to the input of amplifier 2 is a few
dB better than this due to the additional distance between criti-
cal signal nodes.
A carefully laid-out PC board should be able to achieve the level
of crosstalk shown in the figure. The most significant contribu-
tors to difficulty in achieving low crosstalk are inadequate power
supply bypassing, overlapped input and/or output signal paths,
and capacitive coupling between critical nodes.
The bypass capacitors must be connected to the ground plane at
a point close to and between the ground reference points for the
two loads. (The bypass of the negative power supply is particu-
larly important in this regard.) There are two amplifiers in the
package, and low impedance signal return paths must be pro-
vided for each load. (Using a parallel combination of 1 µF,
0.1 µF, and 0.01 µF bypass capacitors will help to achieve opti-
mal crosstalk.)
–10
–60
–110
1M 100M10M
–70
–80
–90
–100
–50
–40
–30
–20
CROSSTALK – dB
100k
FREQUENCY – Hz
R
L
= 150V
Figure 40. Crosstalk vs. Frequency
The input and output signal return paths must also be kept from
overlapping. Since ground connections are not of perfectly zero
impedance, current in one ground return path can produce a
voltage drop in another ground return path if they are allowed
to overlap.
Electric field coupling external to (and across) the package can
be reduced by arranging for a narrow strip of ground plane to be
run between the pins (parallel to the pin rows). Doing this on
both sides of the board can reduce the high frequency crosstalk
by about 5 dB or 6 dB.
Driving Capacitive Loads
When used with the appropriate output series resistor, any load
capacitance can be driven without peaking or oscillation. In
most cases, less than 50 is all that is needed to achieve an
extremely flat frequency response. As illustrated in Figure 44,
the AD812 can be very attractive for driving largely capacitive
loads. In this case, the AD812’s high output short circuit
current allows for a 150 V/µs slew rate when driving a 510 pF
capacitor.
AD812
8
4
R
G
R
F
V
IN
R
T
V
O
R
L
C
L
R
S
+V
S
0.1mF
1.0mF
0.1mF
1.0mF
–V
S
Figure 41. Circuit for Driving a Capacitive Load
1
10 1000100
FREQUENCY – MHz
6
9
3
0
–3
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN – dB
12
–6
V
S
= 65V
G = +2
R
F
= 750V
R
L
= 1kV
C
L
= 10pF
R
S
= 0
R
S
= 30V
R
S
= 50V
Figure 42. Response to a Small Load Capacitor at
±
5 V
AD812
REV. B
–14–
1
10 1000100
FREQUENCY – MHz
6
9
3
0
–3
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN – dB
12
–6
–9
V
S
= 615V
G = +2
R
F
= 750V
R
L
= 1kV
C
L
= 510pF, R
S
= 15V
C
L
= 150pF, R
S
= 30V
Figure 43. Response to Large Load Capacitor, V
S
=
±
15 V
10
100
0%
100ns
5V
5V
V
IN
V
OUT
90
Figure 44. Pulse Response of Circuit of Figure 41 with
C
L
= 510 pF, R
L
= 1 k
, R
F
= R
G
= 715
, R
S
= 15
Overload Recovery
There are three important overload conditions to consider.
They are due to input common mode voltage overdrive, input
current overdrive, and output voltage overdrive. When the
amplifier is configured for low closed-loop gains, and its input
common-mode voltage range is exceeded, the recovery time will
be very fast, typically under 10 ns. When configured for a higher
gain, and overloaded at the output, the recovery time will also
be short. For example, in a gain of +10, with 6 dB of input
overdrive, the recovery time of the AD812 is about 10 ns.
10
90
100
0%
2V
1V
50ns
V
IN
V
OUT
Figure 45. 6 dB Overload Recovery; G = 10, R
L
= 500
,
V
S
=
±
5 V
In the case of high gains with very high levels of input overdrive,
a longer recovery time may occur. For example, if the input
common-mode voltage range is exceeded in a gain of +10, the
recovery time will be on the order of 100 ns. This is primarily
due to current overloading of the input stage.
As noted in the warning under “Maximum Power Dissipation,”
a high level of input overdrive in a high noninverting gain circuit
can result in a large current flow in the input stage. For differ-
ential input voltages of less than about 1.25 V, this will be inter-
nally limited to less than 20 mA (decreasing with supply voltage).
For input overdrives which result in higher differential input
voltages, power dissipation in the input stage must be consid-
ered. It is recommended that external diode clamps be used in
cases where the differential input voltage is expected to exceed
1.25 V.
High Performance Video Line Driver
At a gain of +2, the AD812 makes an excellent driver for a back-
terminated 75 video line. Low differential gain and phase
errors and wide 0.1 dB bandwidth can be realized over a wide
range of power supply voltage. Outstanding gain and group
delay matching are also attainable over the full operating supply
voltage range.
AD812
8
4
R
G
R
F
V
IN
75V
V
OUT
75V
+V
S
0.1mF
0.1mF
–V
S
75V
CABLE
75V
CABLE
75V
Figure 46. Gain of +2 Video Line Driver (R
F
= R
G
from
Table I)

AD812ANZ

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
Analog Devices Inc.
Description:
Video Amplifiers Dual Crnt Feedback Low Power
Lifecycle:
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