MC33035, NCV33035
http://onsemi.com
18
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
Three Phase Motor Commutation
The three phase application shown in Figure 36 is a
full−featured open loop motor controller with full wave, six
step drive. The upper power switch transistors are
Darlingtons while the lower devices are power MOSFETs.
Each of these devices contains an internal parasitic catch
diode that is used to return the stator inductive energy back
to the power supply. The outputs are capable of driving a
delta or wye connected stator, and a grounded neutral wye
if split supplies are used. At any given rotor position, only
one top and one bottom power switch (of different totem
poles) is enabled. This configuration switches both ends of
the stator winding from supply to ground which causes the
current flow to be bidirectional or full wave. A leading edge
spike is usually present on the current waveform and can
cause a current−limit instability. The spike can be eliminated
by adding an RC filter in series with the Current Sense Input.
Using a low inductance type resistor for R
S
will also aid in
spike reduction. Care must be taken in the selection of the
bottom power switch transistors so that the current during
braking does not exceed the device rating. During braking,
the peak current generated is limited only by the series
resistance of the conducting bottom switch and winding.
I
peak
+
V
M
) EMF
R
switch
) R
winding
If the motor is running at maximum speed with no load, the
generated back EMF can be as high as the supply voltage,
and at the onset of braking, the peak current may approach
twice the motor stall current. Figure 37 shows the
commutation waveforms over two electrical cycles. The
first cycle (0° to 360°) depicts motor operation at full speed
while the second cycle (360° to 720°) shows a reduced speed
with about 50% pulse width modulation. The current
waveforms reflect a constant torque load and are shown
synchronous to the commutation frequency for clarity.
Figure 36. Three Phase, Six Step, Full Wave Motor Controller
R
S
R
C
Q
5
Q
6
Q
4
V
M
S
Motor
A
Q
3
S
C
B
Q
1
Q
2
Enable
Q
S
C
T
R
R
T
Oscillator
Error Amp
PWM
Thermal
Shutdown
Reference
Regulator
Lockout
Undervoltage
V
M
Fwd/Rev
Q
R
S
Faster
Speed
Set
Rotor
Position
Decoder
60°/120°
Brake
4
8
3
17
22
7
6
5
18
13
11
12
10
24
20
2
1
21
14
9
19
15
Fault
Ind.
Gnd 16
23
25 μA
I
Limit
N
N