IDT
™
/ ICS
™
3.3V LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER 2 ICS8432BY-51 REV. F MAY 13, 2008
ICS8432-51
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
N output divider to a specific default state that will automatically
occur during power-up. The TEST output is LOW when operating
in the parallel input mode. The relationship between the VCO
frequency, the crystal frequency and the M divider is defined as
follows:
The M value and the required values of M0 through M8 are shown
in Table 3B, Programmable VCO Frequency Function Table.
Valid M values for which the PLL will achieve lock for a 25MHz
reference are defined as 10 ≤ M ≤ 28. The frequency out is de-
fined as follows:
Serial operation occurs when nP_LOAD is HIGH and S_LOAD is
LOW. The shift register is loaded by sampling the S_DATA bits
with the rising edge of S_CLOCK. The contents of the shift reg-ister
are loaded into the M divider and N output divider when S_LOAD
transitions from LOW-to-HIGH. The M divide and N output divide
values are latched on the HIGH-to-LOW transition of S_LOAD. If
S_LOAD is held HIGH, data at the S_DATA input is passed directly
to the M divider and N output divider on each ris-ing edge of
S_CLOCK. The serial mode can be used to program the M and N
bits and test bits T1 and T0. The internal registers T0 and T1 deter-
mine the state of the TEST output as follows:
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
NOTE: The functional description that follows describes opera-
tion using a 25MHz crystal. Valid PLL loop divider values for dif-
ferent crystal or input frequencies are defined in the Input
Frequency Characteristics, Table 5, NOTE 1.
The ICS8432-51 features a fully integrated PLL and therefore,
requires no external components for setting the loop bandwidth.
A fundamental crystal is used as the input to the on-chip oscilla-
tor. The output of the oscillator is fed into the phase detector.
A 25MHz crystal provides a 25MHz phase detector reference
frequency. The VCO of the PLL operates over a range of 250MHz
to 700MHz. The output of the M divider is also applied to the
phase detector.
The phase detector and the M divider force the VCO output fre-
quency to be M times the reference frequency by adjusting the
VCO control voltage. Note that for some values of M (either too high
or too low), the PLL will not achieve lock. The output of the VCO is
scaled by a divider prior to being sent to each of the LVPECL output
buffers. The divider provides a 50% output duty cycle.
The programmable features of the ICS8432-51 support two in-
put modes to program the M divider and N output divider. The
two input operational modes are parallel and serial.
Figure 1
shows
the timing diagram for each mode. In parallel mode, the nP_LOAD
input is initially LOW. The data on inputs M0 through M8 and N0
and N1 is passed directly to the M divider and N output divider.
On the LOW-to-HIGH transition of the nP_LOAD input, the data
is latched and the M divider remains loaded until the next LOW
transition on nP_LOAD or until a serial event occurs. As a result,
the M and N bits can be hardwired to set the M divider and
fVCO = fxtal x M
T1 T0 TEST Output
00 LOW
0 1 S_Data, Shift Register Input
1 0 Output of M divider
1 1 CMOS Fout
FIGURE 1. PARALLEL & SERIAL LOAD OPERATIONS
*NOTE: The NULL timing slot must be observed.
Time
S
ERIAL
L
OADING
P
ARALLEL
L
OADING
t
S
t
H
t
S
t
H
t
S
M, N
T1 T0 *
NULL
N1 N0 M8 M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0
FOUT = fVCO = fxtal x M
N
N
S_CLOCK
S_DATA
S_LOAD
nP_LOAD
M0:M8, N0:N1
nP_LOAD
S_LOAD
