SC623
11
General Description
This design is optimized for handheld applications
supplied from a single Li-Ion cell and includes the
following key features:
A high e ciency fractional charge pump that
supplies power to all LEDs
Four matched current sinks that control LED
backlighting current, with 0.5mA to 25mA per
LED
An LED ash output that provides up to 400mA
of momentary current or up to 250mA of
continuous spotlight current
A SemWire single wire interface that provides
control of all device functions
High Current Fractional Charge Pump
The backlight and ash outputs are supported by a high
e ciency, high current fractional charge pump output
at the VOUT pin. The charge pump multiplies the input
voltage by 1, 1.5, or 2 times. The charge pump switches
at a xed frequency of 250kHz in 1.5x and 2x modes
and is disabled in 1x mode to save power and improve
e ciency.
The mode selection circuit automatically selects the
1x, 1.5x or 2x mode based on circuit conditions. Circuit
conditions such as low input voltage, high output current,
or high LED voltage place a higher demand on the charge
pump output. A higher numerical mode may be needed
momentarily to maintain regulation at the VOUT pin
during intervals of high demand, such as the high current
of an LED ash or the droop at the VIN pin during a supply
voltage transient. The charge pump responds to these
momentary high demands, setting the charge pump to
the optimum mode (1x, 1.5x or 2x), as needed to deliver
the output voltage and load current while optimizing
e ciency. Hysteresis is provided to prevent mode
toggling.
The charge pump requires two bucket capacitors for
low ripple operation. One capacitor must be connected
between the C1+ and C1- pins and the other must be
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connected between the C2+ and C2- pins as shown in
the typical application circuit diagram. These capacitors
should be equal in value, with a minimum capacitance of
2.2μF to support the charge pump current requirements.
The device also requires a 2.2μF capacitor on the VIN
pin and a 4.7μF capacitor on the VOUT pin to minimize
noise and support the output drive requirements.
Capacitors with X7R or X5R ceramic dielectric are
strongly recommended for their low ESR and superior
temperature and voltage characteristics. Y5V capacitors
should not be used as their temperature coe cients
make them unsuitable for this application.
LED Backlight Current Sinks
The backlight current is set via the SemWire interface.
The current is regulated to one of 32 values between
0.5mA and 25mA. The step size varies depending upon
the current setting. Between 0.5mA and 12mA, the
step size is 0.5mA. The step size increases to 1mA for
settings between 12mA and 15mA and 2mA for settings
greater than 15mA. This feature allows ner adjustment
for dimming functions in the low current setting range
and coarse adjustment at higher current settings where
small current changes are not visibly noticeable in LED
brightness.
All backlight current sinks have matched currents, even
when there is variation in the forward voltages (ΔV
F
)
of the LEDs. A ΔV
F
of 1.2V is supported when the input
voltage is at 3.0V. Higher ΔV
F
LED mis-match is supported
when V
IN
is higher than 3.0V. All current sink outputs are
compared and the lowest output is used for setting the
voltage regulation at the VOUT pin. This is done to ensure
that su cient bias exists for all LEDs, including the ash
LED.
The backlight LEDs default to the o state upon power-
up. For backlight applications using less than four LEDs,
any unused output must be left open and the unused
LED driver must remain disabled. When writing to the
Backlight Enable Control register, a zero
(0) must be
written to the corresponding bit of any unused output.
Applications Information
