NCP1028
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16
Fault Condition – Low Input Voltage
The NCP1028 includes a brown−out circuitry able to
protect the power supply in case of low input voltage
conditions. Figure 29 shows how internally the NCP1028
monitors the voltage image of the bulk capacitor. Below a
given level, the controller blocks the driving pulses, above
it, it authorizes them. The internal circuitry, depicted by
Figure 29a, offers a way to observe the high−voltage (HV)
rail. A resistive divider made of R
upper
and R
lower
, brings
a portion of the HV rail on pin 3. Below the turn−on level,
the 10 mA current source IBO is off. Therefore, the turn−on
level solely depends on the division ratio brought by the
resistive divider.
+
-
BO
ON/OFF
V
DD
IBO
BO
Vbulk
Rupper
Rlower
+
VBO
1 vin 2 vcmp
20.0u 60.0u 100u 140u 180u
Time in Seconds
0
40.0
80.0
120
160
0
4.00
8.00
12.0
16.0
Plot1
2
1
Vcmp Volts
Vin in Volts
Vbulk = 100 V
Vbulk = 70 V
Figure 29a. The internal brown−out
configuration with an offset current source.
Figure 29b. Simulation results for 100/70 ON/OFF levels.
Figure 29.
To the contrary, when the internal BO signal is high, the IBO source is activated and creates an hysteresis. As a result,
it becomes possible to select the turn−on and turn−off levels via a few lines of algebra.
IBO is Off
(eq. 1
)
V()) + V
bulk1
R
lower
R
lower
) R
upper
IBO is On
(eq.
2)
V()) + V
bulk2
R
lower
R
lower
) R
upper
) IBO
ǒ
R
lower
R
upper
R
lower
) R
upper
Ǔ
We can now extract R
lower
from Equation 1 and plug it into Equation 2, then solve for R
upper
:
R
upper
+ R
lower
V
bulk1
−VBO
VBO
R
lower
+ VBO
V
bulk1
−V
bulk2
IBO (V
bulk1
−VBO)
If we decide to turn−on our converter for Vbulk1 equals 100 V and turn it off for Vbulk2 equals 70 V, then we obtain:
R
upper
= 3.0 MW
R
lower
= 18 kW
NCP1028
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17
The bridge power dissipation is 330
2
/3.018 Meg =
36 mW in nominal high−line operation. Figure 29b
simulation result confirms our calculations.
Figure 30 describes signal variations during a brown−out
condition. Please note that output pulses only reappear
when V
CC
reaches V
CC(ON)
, ensuring a clean startup
sequence. As in fault mode conditions, the startup source
is activated on and off and self−supplies the controller in a
Dynamic Self−Supply (DSS) mode.
Figure 30. Signal Evolution During a Brown−Out Condition
Depending on input surge tests, it might be necessary to
wire a filtering capacitor between BO and GND (close to
the circuit) to avoid adversely triggering the internal latch
(unless this is a wanted feature) when the pulse train
appears.
Latchoff Protection
There are some situations where the converter shall be
fully turned−off and stay latched. This can happen in the
presence of a secondary overvoltage (the feedback loop is
drifting) or when an overtemperature is detected.
Secondary monitoring is usually implemented when the
coupling between auxiliary and power windings does not
lead to a precise primary detection. Due to the addition of
a comparator on the BO pin, a simple external circuit can
lift up this pin above VLATCH and permanently disable
pulses. The V
CC
needs to be cycled down below 3.5 V
typically to reset the controller.
NCP1028
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18
+
-
Vout
+
Vlatch
NTC
V
CC
Q1
Vbulk
Rlower
Rupper
BO
20 ms
RC
To permanent
latch
IBO
V
DD
+
-
BO
+
VBO
Figure 31. Adding a comparator on the BO pin offers a way to latch−off the controller.
In Figure 31, Q1 is blocked and does not bother the BO
measurement as long as the NTC and the optocoupler are
not activated. As soon as the secondary optocoupler senses
an OVP condition, or the NTC reacts to a high ambient
temperature, Q1 base is brought to ground and the BO pin
goes up, permanently latching off the controller. Figure 32
depicts the converter behavior in case of total latch−off.
Figure 32. If the BO pin is lifted up to VLATCH, the controller permanently latches off.

NCP1028P100G

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
ON Semiconductor
Description:
AC/DC Converters NCP1028 100 KHZ
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
Delivery:
DHL FedEx Ups TNT EMS
Payment:
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