KA331

KA331
Mfr. #:
KA331
Manufacturer:
ON Semiconductor / Fairchild
Description:
Voltage to Frequency & Frequency to Voltage Converter Voltage to Frequency
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
Datasheet:
KA331 Datasheet
Delivery:
DHL FedEx Ups TNT EMS
Payment:
T/T Paypal Visa MoneyGram Western Union
ECAD Model:
Product Attribute
Attribute Value
Manufacturer:
ON Semiconductor
Product Category:
Voltage to Frequency & Frequency to Voltage
RoHS:
Y
Series:
KA331
Product:
Voltage to Frequency Converters
Full Scale Frequency:
100 kHz
INL - Integral Nonlinearity:
+/- 0.01 % FSR
Supply Voltage - Max:
40 V
Supply Voltage - Min:
4 V
Supply Type:
Single
Minimum Operating Temperature:
0 C
Maximum Operating Temperature:
+ 70 C
Mounting Style:
Through Hole
Package / Case:
PDIP-8
Height:
3.4 mm
Length:
9.2 mm
Width:
6.4 mm
Brand:
ON Semiconductor / Fairchild
Operating Supply Voltage:
5 V, 9 V, 12 V, 15 V, 18 V, 24 V, 36 V
Product Type:
Voltage to Frequency & Frequency to Voltage
Factory Pack Quantity:
3000
Subcategory:
Data Converter ICs
Part # Aliases:
KA331_NL
Unit Weight:
0.030018 oz
Tags
KA331, KA33, KA3
Service Guarantees

We guarantee 100% customer satisfaction.

Quality Guarantees

We provide 90-360 days warranty.

If the items you received were not in perfect quality, we would be responsible for your refund or replacement, but the items must be returned in their original condition.
Our experienced sales team and tech support team back our services to satisfy all our customers.

we buy and manage excess electronic components, including excess inventory identified for disposal.
Email us if you have excess stock to sell.

Email: info@omo-ic.com

Step1: Vacuum Packaging with PL
Step1:
Vacuum Packaging with PL
Step2: Anti-Static Bag
Step2:
Anti-Static Bag
Step3: Packaging Boxes
Step3:
Packaging Boxes
***Components
In a Tube of 50, KA331, Voltage to Frequency Converter, Non-Synchronous, 100kHz, 8-Pin PDIP
***ure Electronics
KA331 Series 40 V 500 mW 100 kHz Voltage to Frequency Converter - DIP-8
***ment14 APAC
IC, V/F CONVERTER, 100KHZ, 0.01%, 8-DIP
***itex
U/f & f/U Converter KA331 /FAI/ DIL-8, 50 RoHS
***Semiconductor
Voltage to Frequency Converter
***p One Stop Global
VFC 100kHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail
***ical
VFC 100kHz 8-Pin PDIP Tube
***et
VFC 100KHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail
***i-Key
IC CONVERTER VOLT TO FREQ 8-DIP
***inecomponents.com
VOLTAGE-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERTER
***ark
Voltage / Frequency (V/F & F/V) Converter IC; Package/Case:8-DIP; No. of Pins:8; Frequency:100kHz; Leaded Process Compatible:Yes; Peak Reflow Compatible (260 C):Yes; Mounting Type:Through Hole ;RoHS Compliant: Yes
***nell
V/F CONVERTER, 100KHZ, 0.01%, 8DIP; Frequency:100kHz; Full Scale Range:1Hz to 100kHz; Linearity %:0.01%; Supply Voltage Range:4.5V to 40V; Digital IC Case Style:DIP; No. of Pins:8; MSL:(Not Applicable); SVHC:No SVHC (20-Jun-2013)
***rchild Semiconductor
This voltage-to-frequency converter provides the output pulse train at a frequency precisely proportional to the applied input voltage. The KA331 can operate at power supplies as low as 4.0V and be changed output frequency from 1Hz to 100KHz. It is ideally suited for use in simple low-cost circuit for analog-to digital conversion, long term integration, linear frequency modulation or demodulation, frequency-to-voltage conversion, and many other functions.
Part # Mfg. Description Stock Price
KA331
DISTI # V99:2348_06359015
ON SemiconductorVOLTAGE-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERTER874
  • 3000:$0.2182
  • 1000:$0.2446
  • 100:$0.2997
  • 10:$0.4167
  • 1:$0.4753
ECE-A0JKA331
DISTI # P830-ND
Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 1
Container: Bulk
2325In Stock
  • 5000:$0.0873
  • 2500:$0.0924
  • 1000:$0.0976
  • 500:$0.1155
  • 100:$0.1540
  • 10:$0.2570
  • 1:$0.3700
KA331
DISTI # KA331FS-ND
ON SemiconductorIC CONVERTER VOLT TO FREQ 8-DIP
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 1
Container: Tube
2298In Stock
  • 1000:$0.2702
  • 500:$0.3378
  • 100:$0.4273
  • 10:$0.5570
  • 1:$0.6300
EEE-FKA331XSP
DISTI # P18947CT-ND
Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 10V SMD
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 1
Container: Cut Tape (CT)
1421In Stock
  • 100:$0.3570
  • 10:$0.5420
  • 1:$0.7700
EEE-FKA331XSP
DISTI # P18947DKR-ND
Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 10V SMD
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 1
Container: Digi-Reel®
1421In Stock
  • 100:$0.3570
  • 10:$0.5420
  • 1:$0.7700
EEE-FKA331XSP
DISTI # P18947TR-ND
Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 10V SMD
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 900
Container: Tape & Reel (TR)
900In Stock
  • 45000:$0.1552
  • 22500:$0.1581
  • 9000:$0.1610
  • 4500:$0.1725
  • 2700:$0.1840
  • 1800:$0.1955
  • 900:$0.2070
SKA331M050
DISTI # SKA331M050-ND
Cornell Dubilier Electronics IncCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 50V AXIAL
RoHS: Compliant
Min Qty: 100
Container: Bulk
Limited Supply - Call
    KA331PWD
    DISTI # KA331PWD-ND
    ON SemiconductorIC V-F CONVERTER 40V 8-DIP
    RoHS: Compliant
    Min Qty: 1
    Container: Bulk
    Limited Supply - Call
      ECE-A0GKA331I
      DISTI # ECE-A0GKA331I-ND
      Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 4V RADIAL
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 4000
      Container: Tape & Box (TB)
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 4000:$0.0873
      ECE-A0GKA331Q
      DISTI # ECE-A0GKA331Q-ND
      Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 4V RADIAL
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 4000
      Container: Tape & Box (TB)
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 4000:$0.0873
      ECE-A0JKA331I
      DISTI # ECE-A0JKA331I-ND
      Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 4000
      Container: Tape & Box (TB)
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 4000:$0.0873
      ECE-A0JKA331Q
      DISTI # ECE-A0JKA331Q-ND
      Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 4000
      Container: Tape & Box (TB)
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 4000:$0.0873
      ECE-A0GKA331
      DISTI # ECE-A0GKA331-ND
      Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCAP ALUM 330UF 20% 4V RADIAL
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 2200
      Container: Bulk
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 2200:$0.0924
      3640KA331JAT3A
      DISTI # 3640KA331JAT3A-ND
      AVX CorporationCAP CER 330PF 5KV C0G/NP0 3640
      RoHS: Compliant
      Min Qty: 1000
      Container: Tape & Reel (TR)
      Temporarily Out of Stock
      • 1000:$7.8300
      3640KA331JAT9A
      DISTI # 3640KA331JAT9A-ND
      AVX CorporationCAP CER 330PF 5KV C0G/NP0 3640
      RoHS: Compliant
      Container: Bulk
      Temporarily Out of Stock
        KA331
        DISTI # 27182337
        ON SemiconductorVOLTAGE-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERTER4970
        • 3000:$0.2736
        • 500:$0.3072
        • 250:$0.3168
        • 50:$0.3456
        KA331
        DISTI # 26931870
        ON SemiconductorVOLTAGE-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERTER874
        • 100:$0.2997
        • 31:$0.4167
        EEEFKA331XSP
        DISTI # EEEFKA331XSP
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors/FKS - Tape and Reel (Alt: EEEFKA331XSP)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 900
        Container: Reel
        Europe - 2700
        • 900:€0.3479
        • 1800:€0.3219
        • 3600:€0.2899
        • 5400:€0.2709
        • 9000:€0.2479
        KA331
        DISTI # KA331
        ON SemiconductorVFC 100KHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail - Rail/Tube (Alt: KA331)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 3000
        Container: Tube
        Americas - 0
        • 3000:$0.2009
        • 6000:$0.1999
        • 12000:$0.1969
        • 18000:$0.1949
        • 30000:$0.1899
        KA331
        DISTI # KA331
        ON SemiconductorVFC 100KHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail (Alt: KA331)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 1
        Europe - 0
        • 1:€0.5389
        • 10:€0.4509
        • 25:€0.4489
        • 50:€0.4479
        • 100:€0.2889
        • 500:€0.2889
        • 1000:€0.2319
        KA331
        DISTI # KA331
        ON SemiconductorVFC 100KHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail (Alt: KA331)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 3000
        Asia - 0
        • 3000:$0.2007
        • 6000:$0.1930
        • 9000:$0.1859
        • 15000:$0.1792
        • 30000:$0.1731
        • 75000:$0.1673
        • 150000:$0.1645
        KA331
        DISTI # 58K1768
        ON SemiconductorVFC 100KHz 8-Pin PDIP Rail - Bulk (Alt: 58K1768)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 1
        Container: Bulk
        Americas - 0
        • 1:$0.6300
        • 10:$0.5240
        • 100:$0.3380
        • 500:$0.3050
        • 1000:$0.2710
        • 2500:$0.2500
        • 10000:$0.2290
        ECEA0GKA331
        DISTI # ECE-A0GKA331
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCap Aluminum 330uF 4V 20% (8 X 7mm) Radial 3.5mm 110mA 1000 hr 85°C Bulk - Bulk (Alt: ECE-A0GKA331)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 2000
        Container: Bulk
        Americas - 0
        • 2000:$0.0739
        • 2400:$0.0719
        • 4400:$0.0689
        • 10000:$0.0659
        • 20000:$0.0649
        ECEA0JKA331
        DISTI # ECE-A0JKA331
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCap Aluminum 330uF 6.3V 20% (8 X 7mm) Radial 3.5mm 130mA 1000 hr 85°C Bulk - Bulk (Alt: ECE-A0JKA331)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 6000
        Container: Bulk
        Americas - 0
        • 6000:$0.0739
        • 6400:$0.0719
        • 12400:$0.0689
        • 30000:$0.0659
        • 60000:$0.0649
        EEEFKA331XSP
        DISTI # EEEFKA331XSP
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors/FKS (Alt: EEEFKA331XSP)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 900
        Asia - 0
        • 900:$1.5955
        • 1800:$1.4505
        • 2700:$1.3296
        • 4500:$1.1397
        • 9000:$1.0637
        • 22500:$0.9972
        • 45000:$0.9385
        EEEFKA331XSP
        DISTI # EEE-FKA331XSP
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors/FKS - Tape and Reel (Alt: EEE-FKA331XSP)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 2700
        Container: Reel
        Americas - 0
        • 2700:$0.1559
        • 4500:$0.1559
        • 7200:$0.1539
        • 13500:$0.1519
        • 27000:$0.1489
        ECEA0JKA331I
        DISTI # ECE-A0JKA331I
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCap Aluminum 330uF 6.3V 20% (8 X 7mm) Radial 2.5mm 130mA 1000 hr 85°C Ammo Pack - Ammo Pack (Alt: ECE-A0JKA331I)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 2000
        Container: Ammo Pack
        Americas - 0
        • 2000:$0.0739
        • 4000:$0.0719
        • 8000:$0.0689
        • 12000:$0.0659
        • 20000:$0.0649
        ECEA0GKA331Q
        DISTI # ECE-A0GKA331Q
        Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCap Aluminum 330uF 4V 20% (8 X 7mm) Radial 5mm 110mA 1000 hr 85°C Ammo Pack - Ammo Pack (Alt: ECE-A0GKA331Q)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 2000
        Container: Ammo Pack
        Americas - 0
        • 2000:$0.0739
        • 4000:$0.0719
        • 8000:$0.0689
        • 12000:$0.0659
        • 20000:$0.0649
        3640KA331JAT3A
        DISTI # 3640KA331JAT3A
        AVX CorporationCap Ceramic 330pF 5000V C0G 5% SMD 3640 125°C T/R - Tape and Reel (Alt: 3640KA331JAT3A)
        RoHS: Compliant
        Min Qty: 1000
        Container: Reel
        Americas - 0
          NACKA331M80V16X17TR13F
          DISTI # NACKA331M80V16X17TR13F
          NIC Components CorpCap Aluminum 330uF 80V 20% (16 X 17mm) Cylindrical 793mA 5000 hr 105°C T/R - Tape and Reel (Alt: NACKA331M80V16X17TR13F)
          RoHS: Compliant
          Min Qty: 375
          Container: Reel
          Americas - 0
          • 375:$1.3900
          • 625:$1.3900
          • 1000:$1.2900
          • 1875:$1.2900
          • 3750:$1.2900
          NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F
          DISTI # NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F
          NIC Components CorpCap Aluminum 330uF 50V 20% (12.5 X 14mm) SMD Cylindrical 900mA 5000 hr 105°C T/R - Tape and Reel (Alt: NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F)
          RoHS: Compliant
          Min Qty: 600
          Container: Reel
          Americas - 0
          • 600:$0.8009
          • 1000:$0.7899
          • 1600:$0.7699
          • 3000:$0.7509
          • 6000:$0.7329
          NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F
          DISTI # NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F
          NIC Components CorpCap Aluminum 330uF 50V 20% (12.5 X 14mm) SMD Cylindrical 900mA 5000 hr 105°C T/R - Tape and Reel (Alt: NACKA331M50V12.5X14TR13F)
          RoHS: Compliant
          Min Qty: 600
          Container: Reel
          Europe - 0
          • 600:€1.4309
          • 1000:€1.3469
          • 1600:€1.2369
          • 3000:€1.1449
          • 6000:€1.0649
          KA331
          DISTI # 58K1768
          ON SemiconductorV/F CONVERTER, 100KHZ, 0.01%, 8-DIP,Frequency:100kHz,Full Scale Range:1Hz to 100kHz,Linearity %:0.01%,Supply Voltage Range:4.5V to 40V,Digital IC Case:DIP,No. of Pins:8Pins,Product Range:-,RoHS Phthalates Compliant:Yes,MSL:-RoHS Compliant: Yes2601
          • 1:$0.5360
          • 10:$0.4460
          • 100:$0.2880
          • 500:$0.2600
          • 1000:$0.2310
          • 2500:$0.2130
          • 10000:$0.1950
          ECE-A0JKA331
          DISTI # 55T0196
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR, 330UF, 20%, 6.3V, RADIAL,Capacitance:330µF,Voltage Rating:6.3V,Product Range:KA Series,Capacitance Tolerance:± 20%,Capacitor Terminals:Radial Leaded,Diameter:8mm,Lead Spacing:3.5mm,Height:7mm RoHS Compliant: Yes0
          • 1:$0.3830
          • 10:$0.1940
          • 25:$0.1770
          • 50:$0.1590
          • 100:$0.1420
          • 500:$0.1290
          • 1000:$0.1110
          • 2500:$0.1060
          EEE-FKA331XSP
          DISTI # 82Y0584
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAE Capacitor Case:Radial Can - SMD,Capacitance:330µF,Voltage Rating:10V,ESR:0.34ohm,Product Range:FKS Series,Lifetime @ Temperature:2000 hours @ 105°C,Operating Temperature Min:-55°C,Operating Temperature Max:105°C RoHS Compliant: Yes900
          • 1:$0.8380
          • 10:$0.4900
          • 25:$0.4400
          • 50:$0.3890
          • 100:$0.3390
          • 250:$0.2990
          • 500:$0.2590
          EEE-FKA331XSP
          DISTI # 78Y4813
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAE Capacitor Case:Radial Can - SMD,Capacitance:330µF,Voltage Rating:10V,ESR:0.34ohm,Product Range:FKS Series,Lifetime @ Temperature:2000 hours @ 105°C,Operating Temperature Min:-55°C,Operating Temperature Max:105°C,MSL:- RoHS Compliant: Yes0
          • 1:$0.2350
          • 900:$0.2120
          • 1800:$0.1890
          ECE-A0JKA331
          DISTI # 70256035
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsCapacitor,Alum Electrolytic,Cap 330 uF,Tol 20%,Vol-Rtg 6.3 VDC,Radial,8x7,Bulk
          RoHS: Compliant
          300
          • 100:$0.1960
          • 500:$0.1090
          KA331Fairchild Semiconductor CorporationVoltage to Frequency Converter, 1 Func, 0.1MHz, Bipolar, PDIP8
          RoHS: Compliant
          33100
          • 1000:$0.2500
          • 500:$0.2600
          • 100:$0.2700
          • 25:$0.2900
          • 1:$0.3100
          KA331
          DISTI # 512-KA331
          ON SemiconductorVoltage to Frequency & Frequency to Voltage Converter Voltage to Frequency
          RoHS: Compliant
          4564
          • 1:$0.6300
          • 10:$0.5240
          • 100:$0.3380
          • 1000:$0.2710
          • 3000:$0.2290
          EEE-FKA331XSP
          DISTI # 667-EEE-FKA331XSP
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors - SMD 10volts 330uF SMD AEC-Q200 Reflow Only
          RoHS: Compliant
          1975
          • 1:$0.8100
          • 10:$0.4620
          • 100:$0.3110
          • 500:$0.2310
          • 900:$0.2070
          • 1800:$0.1610
          • 9900:$0.1580
          • 24300:$0.1550
          • 49500:$0.1520
          ECE-A0JKA331
          DISTI # 667-ECE-A0JKA331
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors - Radial Leaded 330UF 6.3V MINI ALUM ELECT (KA)
          RoHS: Compliant
          2338
          • 1:$0.3700
          • 10:$0.1810
          • 100:$0.1290
          • 500:$0.1160
          • 1000:$0.0980
          • 2500:$0.0930
          • 10000:$0.0800
          • 25000:$0.0780
          • 50000:$0.0700
          ECE-A0JKA331Q
          DISTI # 667-ECE-A0JKA331Q
          Panasonic Electronic ComponentsAluminum Electrolytic Capacitors - Radial Leaded 6.3VDC 330uF SU SU BI-POL
          RoHS: Compliant
          1770
          • 1:$0.3900
          • 10:$0.1900
          • 100:$0.1630
          • 500:$0.1220
          • 1000:$0.1030
          • 2000:$0.0880
          • 10000:$0.0800
          • 24000:$0.0780
          • 50000:$0.0700
          Image Part # Description
          SN74HC161N

          Mfr.#: SN74HC161N

          OMO.#: OMO-SN74HC161N

          Counter ICs 4-Bit Synch Binary
          SE555P

          Mfr.#: SE555P

          OMO.#: OMO-SE555P

          Timers & Support Products Precision
          CD4536BE

          Mfr.#: CD4536BE

          OMO.#: OMO-CD4536BE

          Timers & Support Products CMOS Programmable
          MCP3001-I/P

          Mfr.#: MCP3001-I/P

          OMO.#: OMO-MCP3001-I-P

          Analog to Digital Converters - ADC 10-bit SPI Sgl Chl IND TEMP PDIP8
          MCP4901-E/P

          Mfr.#: MCP4901-E/P

          OMO.#: OMO-MCP4901-E-P

          Digital to Analog Converters - DAC Single 8-bit DAC w/SPI interface
          BC807-25LT3G

          Mfr.#: BC807-25LT3G

          OMO.#: OMO-BC807-25LT3G

          Bipolar Transistors - BJT 500mA 50V PNP
          BC547BTA

          Mfr.#: BC547BTA

          OMO.#: OMO-BC547BTA

          Bipolar Transistors - BJT NPN 45V 100mA HFE/450
          ULN2003ADR

          Mfr.#: ULN2003ADR

          OMO.#: OMO-ULN2003ADR

          Darlington Transistors Darlington
          V23105A5305A201

          Mfr.#: V23105A5305A201

          OMO.#: OMO-V23105A5305A201

          Low Signal Relays - PCB 24VDC Non-latching 1 coil 200mW D2n
          ATF16V8B-15PU

          Mfr.#: ATF16V8B-15PU

          OMO.#: OMO-ATF16V8B-15PU

          EEPLD - Electronically Erasable Programmable Logic Devices 15 ns 20 I/O Pins 8 macorcells 8 reg
          Availability
          Stock:
          577
          On Order:
          2560
          Enter Quantity:
          Current price of KA331 is for reference only, if you want to get best price, please submit a inquiry or direct email to our sales team sales@omo-ic.com
          Reference price (USD)
          Quantity
          Unit Price
          Ext. Price
          1
          $0.63
          $0.63
          10
          $0.52
          $5.24
          100
          $0.34
          $33.80
          1000
          $0.27
          $271.00
          3000
          $0.23
          $687.00
          9000
          $0.22
          $1 980.00
          24000
          $0.21
          $5 088.00
          45000
          $0.21
          $9 360.00
          Due to semiconductor in short supply from 2021,below price is the Normal price before 2021.please send inquire to confirm.
          Start with
          Newest Products
          • High Slew Rate, Low Noise, Rail-to-Rail Output Ope
            The NCS2003 family of op amps features high slew rate, low voltage operation with rail−to−rail output drive capability.
          • NCP4354 SMPS Controllers
            The NCP4354 is a side SMPS controller designed for use in applications which require extremely low no load power consumption.
          • SuperFET® II Family
            ON Semiconductor's SuperFET II is suitable for various AC/DC power conversion in switching mode operation for system miniaturization and higher efficiency.
          • Compare KA331
            KA331 vs KA331LM331NNOPB vs KA331FSCDIP8SO8
          • Trench and Field Stop IGBTs
            These IGBTs feature a robust and cost-effective Field Stop Trench construction offering both low on−state voltage and minimal switching loss.
          • MEMS Motion Tracking Modules
            ON Semiconductor's FMT1000 series are industrial grade module family includes accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, 10 ppm crystal, and a dedicated MCU.
          Top