LM321
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7
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 13. High Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 3 V Supply
Figure 14. Low Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 3 V Supply
Figure 15. High Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 5 V Supply
Figure 16. Low Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 5 V Supply
Figure 17. High Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 32 V Supply
Figure 18. Low Level Output Voltage Swing vs.
Output Current at 5 V Supply32
Output Source Current (mA)
V
CC
− V
OH
(V)
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 3 V
Output Sink Current (mA)
V
OL
− V
EE
(mV)
0
0 5 10 15 20
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 3 V
1400
Output Source Current (mA)
V
CC
− V
OH
(V)
0
0 5 10 3015 2520
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 5 V
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Output Sink Current (mA)
V
OL
− V
EE
(mV)
0
0 5 10 15 20
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 5 V
1400
1600
1800
Output Source Current (mA)
V
CC
− V
OH
(V)
0
0 5 10 3015 2520
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 32 V
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Output Sink Current (mA)
V
OL
− V
EE
(V)
0
03 9 3015 2118
1
2
3
4
5
6
T= −40°C
T= 25°C
T= 85°C
V
S
= 32 V
7
8
612 2427
LM321
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8
APPLICATION INFORMATION
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The LM321 is made using two internally compensated,
two−stage operational amplifiers. The first stage of each
consists of differential input devices Q20 and Q18 with input
buffer transistors Q21 and Q17 and the differential to single
ended converter Q3 and Q4. The first stage performs not
only the first stage gain function but also performs the level
shifting and transconductance reduction functions. By
reducing the transconductance, a smaller compensation
capacitor (only 5.0 pF) can be employed, thus saving chip
area. The transconductance reduction is accomplished by
splitting the collectors of Q20 and Q18. Another feature of
this input stage is that the input common mode range can
include the negative supply or ground, in single supply
operation, without saturating either the input devices or the
differential to single−ended converter. The second stage
consists of a standard current source load amplifier stage.
Each amplifier is biased from an internal−voltage
regulator which has a low temperature coefficient thus
giving each amplifier good temperature characteristics as
well as excellent power supply rejection.
Output
Bias Circuitry
V
CC
V
EE
/Gnd
Inputs
Q2
Q3 Q4
Q5
Q26
Q7
Q8
Q6
Q9
Q11
Q10
Q1
2.4 k
Q25
Q22
40 k
Q13
Q14
Q15
Q16
Q19
5.0 pF
Q18
Q17
Q20
Q21
2.0 k
Q24
Q23
Q12
25
Figure 19. LM321 Representative Schematic Diagram
LM321
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LM321 has a class B output stage, which is comprised of
push−pull transistors. This type of output is inherently
subject to crossover distortion near mid−rail where neither
push or pull transistors are conducting. Several techniques
can be used to minimize crossover distortion. Connecting
the output load to either the positive or negative supply rail
instead of mid−rail can reduce the crossover distortion.
Additionally, increasing the load resistance relatively
decreases the amount of crossover distortion.
VCC
VEE
OUT
Figure 20. Simplified Class B Output
Figure 21. Sine wave with crossover distortion

LM321SN3T1G

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
ON Semiconductor
Description:
Operational Amplifiers - Op Amps SINGLE VERSION OF LM358
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
Delivery:
DHL FedEx Ups TNT EMS
Payment:
T/T Paypal Visa MoneyGram Western Union

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