T520V686M010ASE060 Datasheet T520D337M006ASE040, T520B107M003ASE070, T520D337M006ASE015 | P1-P3

KEMET Electronics Corporation, P.O. Box 5928, Greenville, S.C. 29606, (864) 963-6300 33

Polymer Tantalum Surface Mount

KEMET

Introduction

KEMET has developed a new type of tantalum capacitor

that replaces the solid manganese dioxide electrode with

a solid conductive polymer. This product is named the

KO-CAP for K

EMET Organic Capacitor. The basic fami-

lies are the T520 and T530 series. A separate detail of

performance characteristics is presented here as there

are some differences between the polymer tantalums and

the standard

MnO2

types. Like all KEMET tantalum

chips, these series are 100% screened for all electrical

parameters: Capacitance @ 120 Hz, Dissipation Factor

(DF) @ 120 Hz, ESR @ 100 kHZ and DC Leakage. It is

also 100% surge current tested at full rated voltage

through a low impedance circuit. The advantages of the

polymer include very low ESR and elimination of the

potentially catastrophic failure mode that may occur with

standard tantalum capacitors in a high surge current

application. Although the natural KO-CAP series failure

mechanism is a short circuit, it does not exhibit an explo-

sive failure mode.

ELECTRICAL

1. Operating Temperature Range

• -55ºC to +105ºC

Above 85ºC, the voltage rating is reduced linearly

from 1.0 x rated voltage to 0.8 x rated voltage at

105ºC.

2. Non-Operating Temperature Range

• -55ºC to +105ºC

3. Capacitance and Tolerance

• 33µF to 1500µF

• ±20% Tolerance

Capacitance is measured at 120 Hz, up to 1.0 volt rms

maximum and up to 2.5V DC maximum. DC bias caus-

es only a small reduction in capacitance, up to about

2% when full rated voltage is applied. DC bias is not

commonly used for room temperature measurements

but is more commonly used when measuring at tem-

perature extremes.

Capacitance does decrease with increasing frequency,

but not nearly as much or as quickly as standard tanta-

lums. Figure 1 compares the frequency induced cap roll-

off between the KO-CAP and traditional MnO2 types.

Capacitance also increases with increasing tempera-

ture. See section 12 for temperature coefficients.

4. Voltage Ratings

• 2V-16V DC Rated Voltage

This is the maximum peak DC operating voltage

from -55ºC to +85ºC for continuous duty. Above

85ºC, this voltage is derated linearly to 0.8 times

the rated voltage for operation at 105ºC.

• Surge Voltage Ratings

Surge voltage is the maximum voltage to which the

part can be subjected under transient conditions

including the sum of peak AC ripple, DC bias and

any transients. Surge voltage capability is demon-

strated by application of 1000 cycles of the relevant

voltage, at 25ºC, 85ºC or 105ºC. The parts are

charged through a 33 ohm resistor for 30 seconds

and then discharged through a 33 ohm resistor for

30 seconds for each cycle.

• Voltage Ratings • Table 1

Rated Surge Derated Derated

Voltage Voltage Voltage Surge

Voltage

-55ºC to +85ºC +105ºC

2V 2.6V 1.6V 2.1V

2.5V 3.3V 2.0V 2.8V

3V 3.9V 2.4V 3.1V

4V 5.2V 3.3V 4.3V

6.3V 8V 5V 6.5V

8V 10.4V 6.4V 8.7V

10V 13V 8V 10.4V

16V 20.8V 12.8V 16.6V

5. Reverse Voltage Rating & Polarity

Polymer tantalum capacitors are polar devices and

may be permanently damaged or destroyed if con-

nected in the wrong polarity. The positive terminal

is identified by a laser-marked stripe and may also

include a beveled edge. These capacitors will with-

stand a small degree of transient voltage reversal

for short periods as shown in the following table.

Please note that these parts may not be operated

continuously in reverse, even within these limits.

Table 2

Temperature Permissible Transient Reverse Voltage

25ºC 15% of Rated Voltage

55ºC 10% of Rated Voltage

85ºC 5% of Rated Voltage

105ºC 3% of Rated Voltage

6. DC Leakage Current

Because of the high conductivity of the polymer,

the KO-CAP family has higher leakage currents

than traditional MnO2 type Tantalum caps. The DC

Leakage limits at 25ºC are calculated as 0.1 x C x

V, where C is cap in µF and V is rated voltage in

Volts. Limits for all part numbers are listed in the

ratings tables.

DC Leakage current is the current that flows

through the capacitor dielectric after a five minute

charging period at rated voltage. Leakage is mea-

sured at 25ºC with full rated voltage applied to the

capacitor through a 1000 ohm resistor in series

with the capacitor.

COMPONENT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

100

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

10,000,000

100,000,000

Frequency (Hz)

100

150

Capacitance (uF)

Polymer

MnO

FIGURE 1

POLYMER TANTALUM CHIP CAPACITORS

KEMET

KEMET Electronics Corporation, P.O. Box 5928, Greenville, S.C. 29606, (864) 963-630034

KEMET

COMPONENT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

DC Leakage current does increase with tempera-

ture. The limits for 85ºC @ Rated Voltage and

105ºC @ 0.8 x Rated Voltage are both 10 times

the 25ºC limit.

7. Surge Current Capability

Certain applications may induce heavy surge cur-

rents when circuit impedance is very low (<0.1

ohm per volt). Driving inductance may also cause

voltage ringing. Surge currents may appear as

transients during turn-on of equipment.

The KO-CAP has a very high tolerance for surge

current. And although the failure mechanism is a

short circuit, they do not explode as may occur

with standard tantalums in such applications.

The KO-CAP series receives 100% screening for

surge current in our production process.

Capacitors are surged 4 times at full rated voltage

applied through a total circuit resistance of <0.5

ohms. Failures are removed during subsequent

electrical testing.

8. Dissipation Factor (DF)

Refer to part number tables for maximum DF

limits.

Dissipation factor is measured at 120 Hz, up to 1.0

volt rms maximum, and up to 2.5 volts DC maxi-

mum at +25ºC. The application of DC bias causes

a small reduction in DF, about 0.2% when full

rated voltage is applied. DF increases with

increasing frequency.

Dissipation factor is the ratio of the equivalent

series resistance (ESR) to the capacitive reac-

tance, (X

) and is usually expressed as a percent-

age. It is directly proportional to both capacitance

and frequency. Dissipation factor loses its impor-

tance at higher frequencies, (above about 1 kHz),

where impedance (Z) and equivalent series resis-

tance (ESR) are the normal parameters of concern.

DF = R = 2 ␲f CR DF= Dissipation Factor

R= Equivalent Series

Resistance (Ohms)

= Capacitive Reactance

(Ohms)

f= Frequency (Hertz)

C= Series Capacitance

(Farads)

DF is also referred to as tan ␦ or “loss tangent.”

The “Quality Factor,” “Q,” is the reciprocal of DF.

9. Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) and

Impedance (Z)

The Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of the KO-

CAP is much lower than standard Tantalum caps

because the polymer cathode has much higher

conductivity. ESR is not a pure resistance, and it

decreases with increasing frequency.

Total impedance of the capacitor is the vector

sum of capacitive reactance (X

) and ESR, below

resonance; above resonance total impedance is

the vector sum of inductive reactance (X

) and

ESR.

= 1 ohm

2␲fC

where:

f = frequency, Hertz

C = capacitance, Farad

FIGURE 2a Total Impedance of the Capacitor Below

Resonance

= 2␲fL

where:

f = frequency, Hertz

L = inductance, Henries

FIGURE 2b Total Impedance of the Capacitor Above

Resonance

To understand the many elements of a capaci-

tor, see Figure 3.

POLYMER TANTALUM CHIP CAPACITORS

KEMET

KEMET Electronics Corporation, P.O. Box 5928, Greenville, S.C. 29606, (864) 963-6300 35

Polymer Tantalum Surface Mount

KEMET

10. AC Power Dissipation

Power dissipation is a function of capacitor size

and materials. Maximum power ratings have been

established for all case sizes to prevent overheat-

ing. In actual use, the capacitor’s ability to dissi-

pate the heat generated at any given power level

may be affected by a variety of circuit factors.

These include board density, pad size, heat sinks

and air circulation.

Table 3

Tantalum Chip Power Dissipation Ratings

Case Code Maximum Power Dissipation

KEMET EIA mWatts @ +25ºC w/+20ºC Rise

T520/T 3528-12 70

T520/B 3528-21 85

T520/V 7343-20 125

T520/D 7343-31 150

T520/Y 7343-40 156

T520/X 7343-43 165

T530/D 7343-31 255

T530/X 7343-43 270

T530/E 7260-38 285

11. AC Operation

Permissible AC ripple voltage and current are

related to equivalent series resistance (ESR) and

power dissipation capability.

Permissible AC ripple voltage which may be

applied is limited by three criteria:

a. The positive peak AC voltage plus the DC bias

voltage, if any, must not exceed the DC voltage

rating of the capacitor.

b. The negative peak AC voltage, in combination

with bias voltage, if any, must not exceed the

permissible reverse voltage ratings presented

in Section 5.

c. The power dissipated in the ESR of the capaci-

tor must not exceed the appropriate value

specified in Section 10.

COMPONENT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

A capacitor is a complex impedance consisting

of many series and parallel elements, each

adding to the complexity of the measurement

system.

L — Represents lead wire and construction

inductance. In most instances (especially in

solid tantalum and monolithic ceramic capaci-

tors) it is insignificant at the basic measurement

frequencies of 120 and 1000 Hz.

— Represents the actual ohmic series resis-

tance in series with the capacitance. Lead wires

and capacitor electrodes are contributing

sources.

— Capacitor Leakage Resistance. Typically it

can reach 50,000 megohms in a tantalum

capacitor. It can exceed 10

ohms in monolithic

ceramics and in film capacitors.

— The dielectric loss contributed by dielectric

absorption and molecular polarization. It

becomes very significant in high frequency mea-

surements and applications. Its value varies with

frequency.

— The inherent dielectric absorption of the

solid tantalum capacitor which typically equates

to 1-2% of the applied voltage.

As frequency increases, X

continues to

decrease according to its equation above. There

is unavoidable inductance as well as resistance

in all capacitors, and at some point in frequency,

the reactance ceases to be capacitive and

becomes inductive. This frequency is called the

self-resonant point. In solid tantalum capacitors,

the resonance is damped by the ESR, and a

smooth, rather than abrupt, transition from

capacitive to inductive reactance follows.

Figure 4 compares the frequency response of a

KO-CAP to a standard Tantalum chip. See also

frequency curves shown in the T520 section,

p.39. Maximum limits for 100 kHz ESR are listed

in the part number tables for each series.

The T530 Capacitance, Impedance and ESR vs.

Frequency Comparisions are located on page

43. Maximum limits for 100 kHz are listed in the

part number table on page 42.

FIGURE 3 The Real Capacitor

T495D 150 uF (MnO

) vs. T520D 150 uF (Polymer)

100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000

Frequency (Hz)

0.01

0.1

100

Impedance & ESR (Ohms)

Polymer

MnO

ESR and Impedance

FIGURE 4

POLYMER TANTALUM CHIP CAPACITORS

KEMET

P1-P3 P4-P6 P7-P9

T520V686M010ASE060

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T520V686M010ASE060

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