Altera Corporation 8–5
September 2008
Differences Between HardCopy APEX and APEX 20K FPGAs
Differences
Between
HardCopy APEX
and APEX 20K
FPGAs
Several differences must be considered before a design is ready for
implementation in HardCopy technology:
HardCopy APEX devices are only customizable at the time they are
manufactured. Make sure that the original APEX 20KE or
APEX 20KC device has undergone thorough testing in the
end-system before deciding to proceed with migration to a
HardCopy APEX device, because no changes can be made to the
HardCopy APEX device after it has been manufactured.
ESBs that are configured as RAM or CAM will power-up
un-initialized in the HardCopy APEX device. In the FPGA it is
possible to configure, or “pre-load,” the ESB memory as part of the
configuration sequence, then overwrite it when the device is in
normal functional mode. This pre-loaded memory feature of the
FPGA is not available in HardCopy devices. If a design contains
RAM or CAM with assumed data values at power-up, then the
HardCopy APEX device will not operate as expected. If a design uses
this feature, it should be re-compiled without the memory pre-load.
ESBs configured as ROM are fully supported.
The JTAG boundary scan order in the HardCopy APEX device is
different compared to the APEX 20K device. A HardCopy BSDL file
that describes the re-ordered boundary scan chain should be used.
1 The BSDL files for HardCopy APEX devices are different
from the corresponding APEX 20KE or APEX 20KC
devices. Download the correct HardCopy BSDL file from
Altera’s website at www.altera.com.
The advanced 0.18-μm aluminum metal process is used to support
both APEX 20KE and APEX 20KC devices. The performance
improvement achieved by the die size reduction and metal
interconnect optimization more than offsets the need for copper in
this case. Altera guarantees that a target HardCopy APEX device will
provide the same or better performance as in the corresponding
APEX 20KE or APEX 20KC device.
Power-up Mode
and
Configuration
Emulation
Unlike their FPGA counterparts, HardCopy APEX devices do not need to
be configured. However, to facilitate seamless migration, configuration
can be emulated in these devices. There are three modes in which a
8–6 Altera Corporation
September 2008
HardCopy Series Handbook, Volume 1
HardCopy APEX device can be prepared for operation after power up:
instant on, instant on after 50 ms, and configuration emulation. Each
mode is described below.
In instant on mode, the HardCopy APEX device is available for use
shortly after the device receives power. The on-chip power-on-reset
(POR) circuit will set or reset all registers. The CONF_DONE output
will be tri-stated once the power-on reset has elapsed. No
configuration device or configuration input signals are necessary.
In instant on after 50 ms mode, the HardCopy APEX device performs
in a similar fashion to the Instant On mode, except that there is an
additional delay of 50 ms (nominal), during which time the device is
held in reset stage. The CONF_DONE output is pulled low during this
time and then tri-stated after the 50 ms have elapsed. No
configuration devices or configuration input signals are necessary
for this option.
In configuration emulation mode, the HardCopy APEX device
undergoes an emulation of a full configuration sequence as if
configured by an external processor or an EPC device. In this mode,
the CONF_DONE signal is tri-stated after the correct number of clock
cycles. This mode may be useful where there is some dependency on
the configuration sequence (for example, multi-device configuration
or processor initialization). In this mode, the device expects to see all
configuration control and data input signals.
Speed Grades
Because HardCopy APEX devices are customized, no speed grading is
performed. All HardCopy APEX devices will meet the timing
requirements of the original FPGA of the fastest speed grade. Generally,
HardCopy APEX devices will have a higher f
MAX
than the corresponding
FPGA, but the speed increase will vary on a design-by-design basis.
Quartus II-
Generated
Output Files
The HardCopy migration process requires several Quartus II
software-generated files. These key output files are listed and explained
below.
The SRAM Object File (.sof) contains all of the necessary information
needed to configure a FPGA
The Compiler Report File (.csf.rpt) is parsed to extract useful
information about the design
The Verilog atom-based netlist file (.vo) is used to check the
HardCopy netlist
The pin out information file (.pin) contains user signal names and
I/O configuration information
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September 2008
Document Revision History
The Delay Information File (.sdo) is used to check the original FPGA
timing
A completed HardCopy timing requirements file describes all
necessary timing information on the design. A template of this text
file is available for download from the Altera website at
www.altera.com.
The migration process consists of several steps. First, a netlist is
constructed from the SOF. Then, the netlist is checked to ensure that the
built-in scan test structures will operate correctly. The netlist is then fed
into a place-and-route engine, and the design interconnect is generated.
Static timing analysis ensures that all timing constraints are met, and
static functional verification techniques are employed to ensure correct
device migration. After successfully completing these stages, physical
verification of the device takes place, and the metal mask layers are taped
out to fabricate HardCopy APEX devices.
Document
Revision History
Table 8–3 shows the revision history for this chapter.
Table 8–3. Document Revision History
Date and Document
Version
Changes Made Summary of Changes
September 2008,
v2.3
Updated chapter number and metadata.
June 2007, v2.2 Minor text edits.
December 2006
v2.1
Updated revision history.
March 2006 Formerly chapter 10; no content change.
January 2005
v2.0
Update device names and other minor textual changes
June 2003
v1.0
Initial release of Chapter 10, Description, Architecture and
Features, in the HardCopy Device Handbook

HC20K1000FC672AB

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
Intel
Description:
IC FPGA APEX 672FCBGA APEX HardCopy
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
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