AD7874
REV. C
–12–
APPLICATIONS
Vector Motor Control
The current drawn by a motor can be split into two compo-
nents: one produces torque and the other produces magnetic
flux. For optimal performance of the motor, these two compo-
nents should be controlled independently. In conventional
methods of controlling a three-phase motor, the current (or
voltage) supplied to the motor and the frequency of the drive are
the basic control variables. However, both the torque and flux
are functions of current (or voltage) and frequency. This cou-
pling effect can reduce the performance of the motor because,
for example, if the torque is increased by increasing the fre-
quency, the flux tends to decrease.
Vector control of an ac motor involves controlling phase in addi-
tion to drive and current frequency. Controlling the phase of the
motor requires feedback information on the position of the rotor
relative to the rotating magnetic field in the motor. Using this
information, a vector controller mathematically transforms the
three phase drive currents into separate torque and flux compo-
nents. The AD7874, with its four-channel simultaneous sam-
pling capability, is ideally suited for use in vector motor control
applications.
A block diagram of a vector motor control application using the
AD7874 is shown in Figure 17. The position of the field is de-
rived by determining the current in each phase of the motor.
Only two phase currents need to be measured because the third
can be calculated if two phases are known. Channel 1 and
Channel 2 of the AD7874 are used to digitize this information.
Simultaneous sampling is critical to maintain the relative phase
information between the two channels. A current sensing isola-
tion amplifier, transformer or Hall effect sensor is used between
the motor and the AD7874. Rotor information is obtained by
measuring the voltage from two of the inputs to the motor.
Channel 3 and Channel 4 of the AD7874 are used to obtain this
information. Once again the relative phase of the two channels
is important. A DSP microprocessor is used to perform the
mathematical transformations and control loop calculations on
the information fed back by the AD7874.
VOLTAGE
ATTENUATORS
DAC
DAC
DAC
TORQUE
SETPOINT
IN1
V
V
IN4
V
IN3
V
IN2
*ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY
TORQUE & FLUX
CONTROL LOOP
CALCULATIONS &
TWO TO THREE
PHASE
INFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TO TORQUE &
FLUX CURRENT
COMPONENTS
FLUX
SETPOINT
DRIVE
CIRCUITRY
ISOLATION
AMPLIFIERS
AD7874*
DSP
MICROPROCESSOR
I
C
I
B
I
A
V
B
V
A
3
PHASE
MOTOR
Figure 17. Vector Motor Control Using the AD7874
AD7874
REV. C
–13–
MULTIPLE AD7874s
Figure 18 shows a system where a number of AD7874s can be
configured to handle multiple input channels. This type of con-
figuration is common in applications such as sonar, radar, etc.
The AD7874 is specified with maximum and minimum limits on
aperture delay. This means that the user knows the maximum
difference in the sampling instant between all channels. This al-
lows the user to maintain relative phase information between the
different channels.
A common read signal from the microprocessor drives the
RD
input of all AD7874s. Each AD7874 is designated a unique ad-
dress selected by the address decoder. The reference output of
AD7874 number 1 is used to drive the reference input of all
other AD7874s in the circuit shown in Figure 18. One REF
OUT pin can drive several AD7874 REF IN pins. Alternatively,
an external or system reference can be used to drive all REF IN
inputs. A common reference ensures good full-scale tracking be-
tween all channels.
AD7874(1)
AD7874(2)
AD7874(n)
CS
RD
CS
RD
CS
RD
RD
ADDRESS
REF OUT
REF IN
REF IN
ADDRESS
DECODE
V
CH5
V
CH6
V
CH7
V
CH8
V
CH1
V
CH2
V
CH3
V
CH4
V
CHm
V
CHm+1
V
CHm+2
V
CHm+3
Figure 18. Multiple AD7874s in Multichannel System
DATA ACQUISITION BOARD
Figure 20 shows the AD7874 in a data acquisition circuit. The
corresponding printed circuit board (PCB) layout and silkscreen
are shown in Figures 21 to 23. A 26-contact IDC connector pro-
vides for a microprocessor connection to the board.
A component grid is provided near the analog inputs on the
PCB which may be used to provide antialiasing filters for the
analog input channels or to provide signal conditioning circuitry.
To facilitate this option, four shorting plugs (labeled LK1 to
LK4 on the PCB) are provided on the analog inputs, one plug
per input. If the shorting plug for a particular channel is used,
the input signal connects to the buffer amplifier driving the ana-
log input of the ADC. If the shorting plug is omitted, a wire link
can be used to connect the input signal to the PCB component
grid.
Microprocessor connections to the board are made via a 26-
contact IDC connector, SKT8, the pinout for which is shown in
Figure 19. This connector contains all data, control and status
signals of the AD7874 (with the exception of the CLK input
and the
CONVST input which are provided via SKT5 and
SKT7, respectively). It also contains decoded R/
W and STRB
inputs which are necessary for TMS32020 interfacing (and also
for 68000 interfacing although pin labels on the 68000 are dif-
ferent). Note that the AD7874
CS input must be decoded prior
to the AD7874 evaluation board.
SKT1, SKT2, SKT3 and SKT4 provide the inputs for V
IN1
,
V
IN2
, V
IN3
, V
IN4
respectively. Assuming LK1 to LK4 are in
place, these input signals are fed to four buffer amplifiers, IC1,
before being applied to the AD7874. The use of an external
clock source is optional; there is a shorting plug (LK5) on the
AD7874 CLK input which must be connected to either –5 V
(for the ADCs own internal clock) or to SKT5. SKT6 and
SKT7 provide the reference and
CONVST inputs respectively.
Shorting plug LK6 provides the option of using the external ref-
erence or the ADCs own internal reference.
DB10
DB8
DB6
DB4
DB2
DB0
GND
R/W
RD
CS
1
3
5
7
9
13
15
17
19
25
23
21
11
N/C
N/C
2
4
6
8
10
14
16
18
20
26
24
22
12
DB11
DB9
DB7
DB5
DB3
DB1
GND
STRB
INT
N/C
N/C
N/C
5V
+
5V
+
Figure 19. SKT8, IDC Connector Pinout
POWER SUPPLY CONNECTIONS
The PCB requires two analog power supplies and one 5 V digi-
tal supply. The analog supplies are labeled V+ and V– and the
range for both supplies is 12 V to 15 V (see silkscreen in Figure
23). Connection to the 5 V digital supply is made via SKT8.
The +5 V supply and the –5 V supply required by the AD7874
are generated from voltage regulators (IC3 and IC4) on the V+
and V– supplies.
AD7874
REV. C
–14–
IC1
AD713
C4
C3
C1
C2
LK1
LK2
LK3
LK4
C7
C8
V
DD
C5
C6
V
SS
IN
OUT
SKT1
SKT2
SKT3
SKT4
A
B
AB
CLK
SKT5
LK5
REFERENCE
SKT6
CONVST
SKT6
IC5
IC5
R1R2
A
B
SKT8
DGND
11
22
8
5
23, 24
2
1
3
25, 26
DATA BUS
5V
+
V
SS
CLK
IC2
AD7874
V
DD
CONVST
DB11
DB0
INT
CS
RD
REF IN
DGND
AGND
V
IN3
V
IN4
V
IN1
V
IN2
IC3
78L05
V
+
IC4
79L05
REF
OUT
V–
Figure 20. Data Acquisition Circuit Using the AD7874
Figure 21. PCB Silkscreen for Figure 20

AD7874BNZ

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
Analog Devices Inc.
Description:
Analog to Digital Converters - ADC Data Acquisition System IC 12-Bit
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
Delivery:
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