ADM1034
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16
Removing Temperature Errors
As CPUs run faster and faster, it gets more difficult to
avoid high frequency clocks when routing the D+ and D
traces around a system board. Even when the recommended
layout guidelines are followed, temperature errors attributed
to noise coupled onto the D+ and D lines remain. High
frequency noise generally gives temperature measurements
that are consistently too high. The ADM1034 has Local,
Remote 1, and Remote 2 temperature offset registers at
0x16, 0x17, and 0x18; one for each channel. By completing
a one-time calibration, the user can determine the offset
caused by the system board noise and remove it using the
offset registers. The registers automatically add a twos
compliment word to the remote temperature measurements,
ensuring correct readings in the value registers.
Table 13. OFFSET REGISTERS
Registration Description Default
0x16 Local Offset 0x00
0x17 Remote 1 Offset 0x00
0x18 Remote 2 Offset 0x00
Table 14. OFFSET REGISTER VALUES
Code Offset Value
0 0000 000 0C (Default Value)
0 0000 001 0.125C
0 0000 111 0.875C
0 0001 111 1.875C
0 0111 111 7.875C
0 1111 111 15.875C
1 0000 000 16C
1 1111 000 0.875C
Layout Considerations
Digital boards can be electrically noisy environments. Try
to protect the analog inputs from noise, particularly when
measuring the very small voltages from a remote diode
sensor. Take the following precautions:
Place the ADM1034 as close as possible to the remote
sensing diode. A distance of 4 inches to 8 inches is
adequate, provided that the worst noise sources such as
clock generators, data/address buses, and CRTs are
avoided.
Route the D+ and D tracks close together, in parallel,
with grounded guard tracks on each side. Provide a
ground plane under the tracks if possible.
Use wide tracks to minimize inductance and reduce
noise pickup. At least 5 mil track width and spacing are
recommended.
Figure 28. Arrangement of Signal Tracks
5 MIL
5 MIL
5 MIL
5 MIL
5 MIL
5 MIL
5 MIL
GND
D
D+
GND
Try to minimize the number of copper/solder joints,
because they can cause thermocouple effects. Where
copper/solder joints are used, make sure that they are in
both the D+ and D paths and at the same temperature.
Thermocouple effects are not a major problem because
1C corresponds to approximately 200 mV, and
thermocouple voltages are approximately 3 mV/C of
temperature difference. Unless there are two
thermocouples with a big temperature differential
between them, the voltages should be much less than
200 mV.
Place a 0.1 mF bypass capacitor close to the ADM1034.
If the distance to the remote sensor is more than
8 inches, twisted pair cable is recommended. This
works up to about 6 feet to 12 feet.
For very long distances (up to 100 feet), use shielded
twisted pair such as Belden #8451 microphone cable.
Connect the twisted pair to D+ and D and the shield to
GND, close to the ADM1034. Leave the remote end of
the shield unconnected to avoid ground loops.
Because the measurement technique uses switched
current sources, excessive cable and/or filter capacitance
can affect the measurement. When using long cables, the
filter capacitor C1 may be reduced or removed. In any case,
the total shunt capacitance should never exceed 1000 pF.
Noise Filtering
For temperature sensors operating in noisy environments,
common practice is to place a capacitor across the D+ and
D pins to help combat the effects of noise. However, large
capacitances affect the accuracy of the temperature
measurement, leading to a recommended maximum
capacitor value of 1000 pF. While this capacitor reduces the
noise, it does not eliminate it, making it difficult to use the
sensor in a very noisy environment.
The ADM1034 has a major advantage over other devices
when it comes to eliminating the effects of noise on the
external sensor. The series resistance cancellation feature
allows a filter to be constructed between the external
ADM1034
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17
temperature sensor and the part. The effect of any filter
resistance seen in series with the remote sensor is
automatically cancelled from the temperature.
The construction of a filter allows the ADM1034 and the
remote temperature sensor to operate in noisy environments.
Figure 29 shows a low-pass RCR filter with the following
values: R = 100 W and C = 1 nF. This filtering reduces both
common-mode noise and differential noise.
Figure 29. Filter between Remote Sensor
and ADM1034
100 W
100 W
1 nF
D+
D
REMOTE
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
Limits, Status Registers, and Interrupts
High and low limits are associated with each measurement
channel on the ADM1034. These can form the basis of system
status monitoring. A status bit can be set for any out-of-limit
condition and detected by polling the device. Alternatively,
SMBusALERT
s can be generated to flag a processor or
microcontroller of an out-of-limit condition.
8-bit Limits
The following is a list of all the 8-bit limits on the
ADM1034:
Table 15. TEMPERATURE LIMIT REGISTERS
Register Description Default
0x0B Local High Limit 0x8B (75C)
0x0C Local Low Limit 0x54 (20C)
0x0D Local THERM Limit 0x95 (85C)
0x0E Remote 1 High Limit 0x8B (75C)
0x0F Remote 1 Low Limit 0x54 (20C)
0x10 Remote 1 THERM Limit 0x95 (85C)
0x11 Remote 2 High Limit 0x8B (75C)
0x12 Remote 2 Low Limit 0x54 (20C)
0x13 Remote 2 THERM Limit 0x95 (85C)
Table 16. THERM LIMIT REGISTERS
Register Description Default
0x19 THERM % Limit 0xFF default
Out-of-Limit Comparisons
The ADM1034 measures all parameters in a round-robin
format and sets the appropriate status bit for out-of-limit
conditions. Comparisons are made differently, depending
on whether the measured value is compared to a high or low
limit.
High Limit: Comparison Performed
Low Limit: < Comparison Performed
Analog Monitoring Cycle Time
The analog monitoring cycle time begins on powerup, or,
if monitoring has been disabled, by writing a 1 to the
monitor/STBY bit of Configuration Register 1,
(Address 0x01). The ADC measures each one of the analog
inputs in turn; as each measurement is completed, the result
is automatically stored in the appropriate value register. The
round-robin monitoring cycle continues unless it is disabled
by writing a 0 to the monitor/STBY bit (Bit 0) of
Configuration Register 1 (Address 0x01).
The ADC performs round-robin conversions and takes
11 ms for the local temperature measurement and 32 ms for
each remote temperature measurement with averaging
enabled.
The total monitoring cycle time for the average
temperatures is therefore nominally
(2 32) ) 11 + 75 ms
(eq. 2)
Once the conversion time elapses, the round robin starts
again. For more information, refer to the Conversion Rate
Register section.
Fan TACH measurements take place in parallel and are
not synchronized with the temperature measurements in any
way.
Status Registers
The results of limit comparisons are stored in the status
registers. A 1 represents an out-of-limit measurement; a 0
represents an in-limit measurement. The status registers are
located at Addresses 0x4F to 0x51.
If the measurement is outside its limits, the corresponding
status register bit is set to 1. It remains set at 1 until the
measurement falls back within its limits and it is read or until
an ARA is completed.
Poll the state of the various measurements by reading the
status registers over the serial bus. If Bit 0 (ALERT
low) of
Status Register 3 (Address 0x51) is set, this means that the
ALERT
output has been pulled low by the ADM1034.
Pin 14 can be configured as a SMBusALERT
output. This
automatically notifies the system supervisor of an
out-of-limit condition. Reading the status register clears the
status bit as long as the error condition is gone.
Status register bits are sticky. Whenever a status bit is set
due to an out-of-limit condition, it remains set even after the
triggering event has gone. The only way to clear the status
bit is to read the status register (after the event has gone).
Interrupt mask registers (Reg. 0x08, Reg. 0x09, Reg. 0x0A)
allow individual interrupt sources to be masked from
causing an ALERT
. However, if one of these masked
interrupt sources goes out of limit, its associated status bit is
set in the status register.
ADM1034
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18
Table 17. INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER 1
(REG. 0X4F)
Bit # Name Description
7 LH 1 = Local high temperature limit has been
exceeded.
6 LL 1 = Local low temperature limit has been
exceeded.
5 R1H 1 = Remote 1 high temperature limit has
been exceeded.
4 R1L 1 = Remote 1 low temperature limit has
been exceeded.
3 R1D 1 = Remote 1 diode error; indicates an
open or short on the D1+/D1 pins.
2 R2H 1 = Remote 2 high temperature limit has
been exceeded.
1 R2L 1 = Remote 2 low temperature limit has
been exceeded.
0 R2D 1 = Remote 2 diode error; indicates an
open or short on the D2+/D2 pins.
Table 18. STATUS REGISTER 2 (REG. 0X50)
Bit # Name Description
7 LT 1 = Local THERM temperature limit has
been exceeded.
6 R1T 1 = Remote 1 THERM temperature limit
has been exceeded.
5 R2T 1 = Remote 2 THERM temperature limit
has been exceeded.
4 T% 1 = THERM % ontime limit has been
exceeded.
3 TA 1 = One of the THERM limits has been
exceeded; and the THERM
output signal
has been asserted.
2 TS 1 = THERM state. Indicates the THERM
pin is active; clears on a read if THERM
is not active. Does not generate an
ALERT in ALERT comp mode.
1 Res Reserved
0 Res Reserved
Table 19. STATUS REGISTER 3 (REG. 0X51)
Bit # Name Description
7 F1S 1 = Fan 1 has stalled.
6 FA 1 = Fan alarm speed. Fan1 and Fan 2
are running at alarm speed.
5 F2S 1 = Fan 2 has stalled.
4 Res Reserved
3 Res Reserved
2 Res Reserved
1 Res Reserved
0 ALERT 1 = ALERT low; indicates the ALERT
line has been pulled low.
ALERT Interrupt Behavior
The ADM1034 generates an ALERT whenever an
out-of-limit measurement is made (if it is not masked out).
The user can also detect out-of-limit conditions by polling
the ADM1034 status registers. It is important to note how
the SMBus ALERT output behaves when writing interrupt
handler software.
The ALERT
output on the ADM1034 can be programmed
to operate in either SMBusALERT
mode or in comp mode.
In SMBusALERT
mode, the ALERT output remains low
until the measurement falls back within its programmed
limits and either the status register is read or an ARA is
completed. In comp mode, the ALERT
output automatically
resets once the temperature measurement falls back within
the programmed limits.
Configuring the ALERT Output
For SMBusALERT mode, set the ALERT configuration bit
(Bit 3) of the Configuration Register 1 (Address 0x01) to 0.
In SMBusALERT
mode, a status bit is set when a
measurement goes outside of its programmed limit. If the
corresponding mask bit is not set, the ALERT
output is
pulled low. If the measured value falls back within the limits,
the ALERT
output remains low until the corresponding
status register is read or until an ARA is completed (as long
as no other measurement is outside its limits).
For comp mode, set the ALERT
configuration bit (Bit 3)
of Configuration Register 1 (Address 0x01) to1.
In comp mode, the ALERT
output is automatically pulled
low when a measurement goes outside its programmed limits.
Once the measurement falls back within its limits (and
assuming no other measurement channel is outside its limits),
the ALERT
output is automatically pulled high again.
The main difference between the two modes is that the
SMBusALERT
does not reset without software intervention,
whereas the comp mode ALERT
output automatically resets.
Figure 30. ALERT Comparator and SMBusALERT
Outputs
TEMPERATURE
LIMITS
TIME
CLEARED
ON READ
SMBusALERT
ALERT COMP
ALERT
, 705C
Handling SMBusALERT Interrupts
To prevent tie-ups due to service interrupts, follow these
steps:
1. Detect an SMBus assertion.
2. Enter the interrupt handler.

ADM1034ARQ-REEL7

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
ON Semiconductor
Description:
IC THERM/FAN SPEED CTRLR 16-QSOP
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
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