LTC6403-1
16
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Noise Considerations
The LTC6403-1’s input referred voltage noise is on the
order of 2.8nV/√Hz. Its input referred current noise is on
the order of 1.8pA/√Hz. In addition to the noise generated
by the amplifi er, the surrounding feedback resistors also
contribute noise. A noise model is shown in Figure 9.
The output noise generated by both the amplifi er and the
feedback components is governed by the equation:
e
e
R
R
IR
e
no
ni
F
I
nF
n
=
+
+
()
+••
12
2
2
2
RRI
F
I
nRF
R
R
e••
+
2
2
2
A plot of this equation, and a plot of the noise generated
by the feedback components for the LTC6403-1 is shown
in Figure 10.
The LTC6403-1’s input referred voltage noise contributes
the equivalent noise of a 480Ω resistor. When the feedback
network is comprised of resistors whose values are less
than this, the LTC6403-1’s output noise is voltage noise
dominant (See Figure 10.):
ee
R
R
no ni
F
I
≈+
•1
Feedback networks consisting of resistors with values
greater than about 1k will result in output noise which is
resistor noise and amplifi er current noise dominant.
eIR
R
R
kTR
no n F
F
I
F
()
++
214
2
••
Lower resistor values (<400Ω) always result in lower noise
at the penalty of increased distortion due to increased
loading of the feedback network on the output. Higher
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 9. Noise Model of the LTC6403-1
+
1
SHDN
5 6
–IN
7
+OUT
8
+OUTF
16 15
+IN
NC
NC
14
–OUT
13
–OUTF
e
no
2
R
F2
2
V
+
3
V
V
+
V
+
V
V
+
V
V
OCM
V
OCM
12
V
11
V
+
10
V
+
9
V
V
V
64031 F09
LTC6403-1
e
nof
2
e
nRI2
2
SHDN
R
F1
R
I2
R
I1
V
V
+
V
4
e
nRF2
2
e
nRI1
2
e
ncm
2
e
ni
2
e
nRF1
2
i
n
+2
i
n
–2
LTC6403-1
17
64031fa
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
resistor values (but still less than 2k) will result in higher
output noise, but improved distortion due to less loading
on the output. The optimal feedback resistance for the
LTC6403-1 runs between 400Ω to 2k.
The differential fi ltered outputs +OUTF and –OUTF will have
a little higher spot noise than the unfi ltered outputs (due
to the two 100Ω resistors which contribute 1.3nV/√Hz
each), but actually will provide superior signal-to-noise
ratios in noise bandwidths exceeding 69.4Mhz due to the
noise-fi ltering function the fi lter provides.
Layout Considerations
Because the LTC6403-1 is a very high speed amplifi er, it is
sensitive to both stray capacitance and stray inductance.
Three pairs of power supply pins are provided to keep the
power supply inductance as low as possible to prevent
any degradation of amplifi er 2nd Harmonic distortion
performance. It is critical that close attention be paid to
supply bypassing. For single supply applications (Pins
3, 9 and 12 grounded) it is recommended that 3 high
quality 0.1μF surface mount ceramic bypass capacitor be
placed between pins 2 and 3, between pins 11and 12, and
between pins10 and 9 with direct short connections. Pins
3, 9 and 10 should be tied directly to a low impedance
ground plane with minimal routing. For dual (split) power
supplies, it is recommended that at least two additional
high quality, 0.1μF ceramic capacitors are used to bypass
pin V
+
to ground and V
to ground, again with minimal
routing. For driving large loads (<200Ω), additional bypass
capacitance may be needed for optimal performance. Keep
in mind that small geometry (e.g. 0603) surface mount
ceramic capacitors have a much higher self resonant
frequency than do leaded capacitors, and perform best
in high speed applications.
Any stray parasitic capacitances to ground at the sum-
ming junctions +IN, and –IN should be kept to an absolute
minimum even if it means stripping back the ground plane
away from any trace attached to this node. This becomes
especially true when the feedback resistor network uses
resistor values >2k in circuits with R
F
= R
I
. Excessive
peaking in the frequency response can be mitigated by
adding small amounts of feedback capacitance around
R
F
. Always keep in mind the differential nature of the
LTC6403-1, and that it is critical that the load impedances
seen by both outputs (stray or intended) should be as bal-
anced and symmetric as possible. This will help preserve
the natural balance of the LTC6403-1, which minimizes the
generation of even order harmonics, and preserves the
rejection of common mode signals and noise.
It is highly recommended that the V
OCM
pin be either hard
tied to a low impedance ground plane (in split supply
applications), or bypassed to ground with a high quality
ceramic capacitor whose value exceeds 0.01μF. This will
help stabilize the common mode feedback loop as well as
prevent thermal noise from the internal voltage divider and
other external sources of noise from being converted to
differential noise due to divider mismatches in the feed-
back networks. It is also recommended that the resistive
feedback networks comprise 1% resistors (or better) to
enhance the output common mode rejection. This will also
prevent the V
OCM
-referred common mode noise of the
common mode amplifi er path (which cannot be fi ltered)
from being converted to differential noise, degrading the
differential noise performance.
Figure 10. LTC6403-1 Output Spot Noise vs Spot Noise
Contributed by Feedback Network Alone
R
F
= R
I
(Ω)
100
1
nV/Hz
10
100
1k 10k
64031 F10
FEEDBACK RESISTOR
NETWORK NOISE ALONE
TOTAL (AMPLIFIER AND
FEEDBACK NETWORK)
OUTPUT NOISE
LTC6403-1
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+
1
SHDN
5 6
–IN
7
+OUT
8
+OUTF
16 15
+IN
NC
NC
14
–OUT
13
–OUTF
AIN
+
AIN
402Ω
2
V
+
3
V
V
+
V
+
V
3.3V
V
OCM
V
OCM
12
V
11
V
+
10
V
+
9
V
V
V
64031 F11
LTC6403-1
LTC2207
V
IN
, 2V
P-P
SHDN
402Ω
402Ω
402Ω
0.1μF
3.3V
4
0.1μF
0.1μF
CONTROL
GND
V
DD
D15
D0
0.1μF
V
CM
2.2μF
3.3V
1μF
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 11. Interfacing the LTC6403-1 to ADC (Shared 3.3V Supply Voltage)
Interfacing the LTC6403-1 to A/D Converters
The LTC6403-1’s rail-to-rail output and fast settling time
make the LTC6403-1 ideal for interfacing to low voltage,
single supply, differential input ADCs. The sampling process
of ADCs creates a sampling glitch caused by switching
in the sampling capacitor on the ADC front end which
momentarily shorts the output of the amplifi er as charge
is transferred between the amplifi er and the sampling
capacitor. The amplifi er must recover and settle from
this load transient before this acquisition period ends for
a valid representation of the input signal. In general, the
LTC6403-1 will settle much more quickly from these pe-
riodic load impulses than from a 2V input step, but it is
a good idea to either use the fi ltered outputs to drive the
ADC (Figure 11 shows an example of this), or to place a
discrete R-C fi lter network between the differential unfi l-
tered outputs of the LTC6403-1 and the input of the ADC
to help absorb the charge injection that comes out of the
ADC from the sampling process. The capacitance of the
lter network serves as a charge reservoir to provide high
frequency charging during the sampling process, while the
two resistors of the fi lter network are used to dampen and
attenuate any charge kickback from the ADC. The selection
of the R-C time constant is trial and error for a given ADC,
but the following guidelines are recommended: Choosing
too large of a resistor in the decoupling network will create
a voltage divider between the dynamic input impedance of
the ADC and the decoupling resistors leaving insuffi cient
settling time. Choosing too small of a resistor will possibly
prevent the resistor from properly dampening the load
transient caused by the sampling process, prolonging
the time required for settling. 16-bit applications require
a minimum of 11 R-C time constants to settle. It is rec-
ommended that the capacitor chosen have a high quality
dielectric (for example, C0G multilayer ceramic).

LTC6403HUD-1#PBF

Mfr. #:
Manufacturer:
Analog Devices Inc.
Description:
Differential Amplifiers 200MHz Low Noise ADC Driver
Lifecycle:
New from this manufacturer.
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