LPC2377_78 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. © NXP B.V. 2013. All rights reserved.
Product data sheet Rev. 6.1 — 16 October 2013 59 of 69
NXP Semiconductors
LPC2377/78
Single-chip 16-bit/32-bit microcontrollers
14.3 RTC 32 kHz oscillator component selection
The RTC external oscillator circuit is shown in Figure 23. Since the feedback resistance is
integrated on chip, only a crystal, the capacitances C
X1
and C
X2
need to be connected
externally to the microcontroller.
Table 18
gives the crystal parameters that should be used. C
L
is the typical load
capacitance of the crystal and is usually specified by the crystal manufacturer. The actual
C
L
influences oscillation frequency. When using a crystal that is manufactured for a
different load capacitance, the circuit will oscillate at a slightly different frequency
(depending on the quality of the crystal) compared to the specified one. Therefore for an
accurate time reference it is advised to use the load capacitors as specified in Table 18
that belong to a specific C
L
. The value of external capacitances C
X1
and C
X2
specified in
this table are calculated from the internal parasitic capacitances and the C
L
. Parasitics
from PCB and package are not taken into account.
14.4 XTAL and RTCX Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout guidelines
The crystal should be connected on the PCB as close as possible to the oscillator input
and output pins of the chip. Take care that the load capacitors C
X1
, C
X2
, and C
X3
in case
of third overtone crystal usage have a common ground plane. The external components
must also be connected to the ground plain. Loops must be made as small as possible in
order to keep the noise coupled in via the PCB as small as possible. Also parasitics
should stay as small as possible. Values of C
X1
and C
X2
should be chosen smaller
accordingly to the increase in parasitics of the PCB layout.
Fig 23. RTC oscillator modes and models: oscillation mode of operation and external
crystal model used for C
X1
/C
X2
evaluation
Table 18. Recommended values for the RTC external 32 kHz oscillator C
X1
/C
X2
components
Crystal load capacitance
C
L
Maximum crystal series
resistance R
S
External load capacitors C
X1
/C
X2
11 pF < 100 k 18 pF, 18 pF
13 pF < 100 k 22 pF, 22 pF
15 pF < 100 k 27 pF, 27 pF
002aaf495
LPC2xxx
RTCX1 RTCX2
C
X2
C
X1
32 kHz XTAL
=
C
L
C
P
R
S
L
